Fluid compartments

Question 1

How is fluid divided in the body?

Answer 1

Total body water=.6(wt); 2/3 ECF, 1/3ICF; of ECF, 3/4 interstitial, 1/4 plasma

Question 2

What is the osmolarity of the three major compartments?

Answer 2

285 mOsm/L

Question 3

What happens in cases of diarrhea?

Answer 3

osmolarity is constant, ecf decreases

Question 4

What happens in Water deprivation?

Answer 4

Osmolarity increases, ecf and icf decrease

Question 5

What happens in adrenal insufficiency?

Answer 5

osmolarity decreases, icf increases and ecf decreases

Question 6

what happens with infusion of isotonic NaCl

Answer 6

osmolarity constant, ecf increases

Question 7

what happens with high NaCl intake

Answer 7

osmolarity increases, icf decreases, ecf increases

Question 8

what happens in SIADH

Answer 8

osmolarity decreases, icf increases more than ecf

Question 9

What are the layers of the glomerular filtration membrane and how much does each do?

Answer 9

endothelial cells-not much; BM-main barrier; epithelial cells (podocytes)- additional barrier

Question 10

what is the basic composition of ultrafiltrate? What gets in?

Answer 10

plasma minus proteins. 42 A-not filtered.

Question 11

sympathetic innervation

Answer 11

L2-L4. Hypogastric nerve. detrusor and trigone muscles

Question 12

parasympathetic innervation

Answer 12

S2-S4. Pelvic nerves->detrusor and trigone. Pudendal->urogenital diaphragm

Question 13

What types of sympathetic receptors are on internal sphincter/detrusor.

Answer 13

detrusor=mostly beta2. internal sphincter=mostly alpha

Question 14

What happens at bladder volume of 300mL? 350? 400?

Answer 14

sensation of fulness. brief micturition contraction but contained—stronger contraction—prolonged contraction, involuntary voiding.