Flu Flashcards
How is influenza spread?
coughing and sneezing of aerosolized droplets containing live virus.
What is more common and more serious?
Influenza A
When is influenza diagnosed best?
First 2-3 days
Symptoms of influenza?
- Fever or feeling feverish/chills
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Muscle or body aches
- Headaches
- Fatigue (tiredness)
- Vomiting and diarrhea, more common in children than adults.
What are the benefits of using antivirals within the first 48 hours annnd performing rapid Influenza A and B test?
- Reduce costs of ancillary diagnostic procedures
- Reduce healthcare costs
- Decrease unnecessary antibiotic use
Are the rapid influenza test vials pre-filled?
Yes
When the swab to be tested in placed in the vial, how do you rotate the swab?
Vigorously 3 times
When do you have to read the results from the test in the window after closing the device?
15 minutes
Are results accurate before or after the 15 minutes?
Nope
How do you add drops to the WHITE sample pad?
SLOWLY (drop by drop) add entire contents of pipette (100 μl) to the MIDDLE of this pad such that all of the sample volume absorbs into this pad. DO NOT add sample to the pink/purple colored pad.
Monoclonal antibodies
Sure
Nasal washes held at what temp and time?
2-8 C for up to 24 hours prior to testing the rapid influenza test kit
What is a negative sample? BLUE Control Line in the BOTTOM THIRD of the window turns a pink-to-purple color.
No other line appears
What is a FLU A positive sample?
- BLUE Control Line turns a pink-to- purple color
* second pink-to-purple Sample Line MIDDLE THIRD of the window
What is a FLU B positive sample?
- BLUE Control Line turns a pink-to-purple color
* second pink-to-purple Sample TOP THIRD of the window
What is an INVALID test?
- Control Line remains BLUE or is not present at all, whether a Sample Line(s) is present or not.
How do you repeat invalid test results?
With a new test device or call tech support
What is the report for Positive Flu A?
Positive for Flu A protein antigen
What is the report for Positive Flu B?
Positive for Flu B protein antigen
What is the report for Negative?
Negative for Flu A and Flu B protein antigens
What may cause false positive?
When disease prevalence in the community is low (beginning and end of the influenza seasons)
What may cause false-negative?
When disease prevalence is high in the community
What can help with minimizes false results?
- Collect specimens as early in the illness as possible (within 4-5 days).
- Follow manufacturer’s instructions, including handling of specimens.
Does a negative test result exclude infection winth Influenza A and B?
No, test should be used in conjunction with clinical findings
Is additional testing required to differentiate any specific influenza A and B subtypes or strains.?
Yes
What does test performance depend on?
amount of antigens in the specimen
Another name for rapid influenza kit?
Monoclonal Antibody
What part of body does flu infect?
Upper and lower respiratory
How is it spread?
Droplets
Which is more common and illness more serious?
A
When diagnosed?
2-3 days
48 hours?
Antivirals
How many times is sample mixed?
3 x vigourously ads squeezed off at the top
How much is expelled?
100uL (all)
When is it read?
15 minutes exactly
What provides an important baseline of a patient’s basic physiology?
Metabolic panel
What is analyzed for metabolic panel?
- Sodium
- Urea Nitrogen
- Calcium
- CO2
- Chloride
- Creatine
- potassium
- Magnesium
- Phosphorous
