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Lab Part 2 > Day 1 madness > Flashcards

Day 1 madness Flashcards

1
Q

What does urinalysis test for?

A
  • Renal function/disorder
  • Endocrine or Metabolic function/disorder
  • Urinary tract infection
  • Systemic diseases
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2
Q

What is a cost effective in-vitro diagnostic test?

A

Urinalysis

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3
Q

What are the types of Non-instrumented Collection?

A

(a) First-morning void
(b) Random urine specimen
(c) Clean catch urine specimen
(d) 24-hour urine specimen

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4
Q

What are the types of instrumented collection?

A

(a) Urethral Catheteration
(b) Suprapubic Needle Aspiration
(c) Catheterization and Bladder Irrigation

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5
Q

Urine specimens should be analyzed while fresh, preferably within how many hours?

A

1-2 hours

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6
Q

If unable to test the urine specimen at time of delivery, refrigerate the specimen for what period of time?

A

3-6 hours prior to testing

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7
Q

Why can’t you keep urinalysis at room temperature?

A

it will begin to decompose and deliver inaccurate results

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8
Q

Urea splitting bacteria produces what at room temperature?

A

Amonia

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9
Q

How does ammonia decompose urine results?

A

combines with hydrogen ions to increase pH of the urine.

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10
Q

What does an increase in pH do?

A

dissolve any casts present

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11
Q

What will happen if glucose is present?

A

bacteria may use it as a source of energy resulting in false negative glycosuria.

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12
Q

Will certain urinary elements, such as blood cells and casts, deteriorate if left standing without any kind of preservative?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What are the types of non-instrumented collection?

A
  • First-morning void
  • random urine specimen
  • clean catch urine specimen
  • 24 hour
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14
Q

Reasons for first-morning void?

A

(a) Most concentrated
(b) Increase number of abnormal elements
(c) Decreased deterioration of formed elements
(d) Recommended specimen for chemical and microscopic examination

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15
Q

Reasons for random urines specimen?

A

(a) Collected anytime
(b) Most convenient and most common
(c) Can detect abnormalities but not as sensitive as first morning void

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16
Q

What is the specimen of choice method for bacterial cultures?

A

Clean catch urine specimen

17
Q

Steps for clean catch urine specimen>?

A

1) May perform cultures within 12 hours after collection, only if specimen was refrigerated.
2) Genitalia must be cleaned with mild antiseptic solution
3) Collect midstream in a sterile container
4) 24-hour urine specimen
a) Gives quantitative results
b) Preservatives may be needed

18
Q

Methods for instrument collection?

A
  • Urethral Catheterization
  • Suprapubic needle aspiration
  • Catheterization and bladder irrigation
19
Q

When is urethral catheterization used?

A
  • commonly used on marked obese patient with difficulty in urine collection
  • use only if no other way to collect urine
20
Q

Is urethral catheterization recommended for bacteriological examination?

A

Nope

21
Q

What is the urine collection of choice for infants and young children?>

A

Suprapubic Needle Aspiration

22
Q

What is suprapubic needle aspiration used for?

A

Performed to confirm positive culture from disposable bag and prior to institution of specific therapy.

23
Q

What method yields optimum cellular sample of bladder epithelium?

A

Catheterization and Bladder Irrigation

24
Q

With vigorous transcatheter agitation of the bladder, how much saline is added into the bladder?

A

50-72 mL, bladder content is then removed for cytologic study

25
Q

Most common and most convenient?

A

Random

26
Q

Used for microscope

A

First morning void

27
Q

Requires preservative?

A

24 hours

28
Q

Looking for bacterium

A

Clean catch

29
Q

What method utilizes vigorous transcatheter agitation of the bladder?

A

Catheterization and Bladder Irrigation

Lab Part 2 (13 decks)

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