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Introduction to Psychology FINAL > FlashcardsChapter14 > Flashcards

FlashcardsChapter14

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1
Q

Term

A

Description

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2
Q

Agoraphobia

A

An anxiety disorder marked by fear of being in situations in which escape may be difficult or impossible. (page 576)

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3
Q

Antisocial personality disorder (APD)

A

A personality disorder in which people engage in socially undesirable behavior, are hedonistic and impulsive, and lack empathy. (page 599)

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4
Q

Anxiety disorders

A

Psychological disorders characterized by excessive fear and anxiety in the absence of true danger. (page 574)

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5
Q

Assessment

A

In psychology, examination of a person’s cognitive, behavioral, or emotional functioning to diagnose possible psychological disorders. (page 567)

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6
Q

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

A disorder characterized by restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsivity. (page 608)

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7
Q

Autism spectrum disorder

A

A developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, by impaired communication, and by restricted interests. (page 604)

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8
Q

Bipolar I disorder

A

A disorder characterized by extremely elevated moods during manic episodes and, frequently, depressive episodes as well. (page 583)

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9
Q

Bipolar II disorder

A

A disorder characterized by alternating periods of extremely depressed and mildly elevated moods. (page 583)

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10
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by disturbances in identity, in affect, and in impulse control. (page 597)

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11
Q

Cognitive-behavioral approach

A

A diagnostic model that views psychopathology as the result of learned, maladaptive thoughts and beliefs. (page 570)

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12
Q

Delusions

A

False beliefs based on incorrect inferences about reality. (page 590)

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13
Q

Diathesis-stress model

A

A diagnostic model that proposes that a disorder may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with a precipitating event. (page 568)

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14
Q

Disorganized behavior

A

Acting in strange or unusual ways, including strange movement of limbs, bizarre speech, and inappropriate self-care, such as failing to dress properly or bathe. (page 592)

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15
Q

Disorganized speech

A

Speaking in an incoherent fashion that involves frequently changing topics and saying strange or inappropriate things. (page 591)

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16
Q

Dissociative disorders

A

Disorders that involve disruptions of identity, of memory, or of conscious awareness. (page 586)

17
Q

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

A

The occurrence of two or more distinct identities in the same individual. (page 587)

18
Q

Etiology

A

Factors that contribute to the development of a disorder. (page 562)

19
Q

Family systems model

A

A diagnostic model that considers problems within an individual as indicating problems within the family. (page 570)

20
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

A

A diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event. (page 575)

21
Q

Hallucinations

A

False sensory perceptions that are experienced without an external source. (page 591)

22
Q

Learned helplessness

A

A cognitive model of depression in which people feel unable to control events in their lives. (page 582)

23
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

A disorder characterized by severe negative moods or a lack of interest in normally pleasurable activities. (page 579)

24
Q

Negative symptoms

A

Symptoms of schizophrenia that are marked by deficits in functioning, such as apathy, lack of emotion, and slowed speech and movement. (592)

25
Q

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

A disorder characterized by frequent intrusive thoughts and compulsive actions. (page 577)

26
Q

Panic disorder

A

An anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror. (page 576)

27
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

A form of depression that is not severe enough to be diagnosed as major depressive disorder. (page 580)

28
Q

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

A disorder that involves frequent nightmares, intrusive thoughts, and flashbacks related to an earlier trauma. (page 579)

29
Q

Psychopathology

A

Sickness or disorder of the mind; psychological disorder. (page 562)

30
Q

Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)

A

A method that defines basic aspects of functioning and considers them across multiple levels of analysis, from genes to brain systems to behavior. (page 566)

31
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A psychological disorder characterized by alterations in thoughts, in perceptions, or in consciousness, resulting in psychosis. (page 589)

32
Q

Sociocultural model

A

A diagnostic model that views psychopathology as the result of the interaction between individuals and their cultures. (page 570)

Introduction to Psychology FINAL (15 decks)

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