FlashcardsChapter11

Question 1

Term

Answer 1

Description

Question 2

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

An eating disorder characterized by excessive fear of becoming fat and therefore restricting energy intake to obtain a significantly low body weight. (page 439)

Question 3

Binge-eating disorder

Answer 3

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating that causes significant distress. (page 440)

Question 4

Biopsychosocial model

Answer 4

A model of health that integrates the effects of biological, behavioral, and social factors on health and illness. (page 430)

Question 5

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer 5

A ratio of body weight to height, used to measure obesity. (page 432)

Question 6

Buffering hypothesis

Answer 6

The idea that other people can provide direct emotional support in helping individuals cope with stressful events. (page 461)

Question 7

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 7

An eating disorder characterized by the alternation of dieting, binge eating, and purging (self-induced vomiting). (page 440)

Question 8

Coping response

Answer 8

Any attempt made to avoid, escape from, or minimize a stressor. (page 447)

Question 9

Emotion-focused coping

Answer 9

A type of coping in which people try to prevent having an emotional response to a stressor. (page 457)

Question 10

Fight-or-flight response

Answer 10

The physiological preparedness of animals to deal with danger by either fighting or fleeing. (page 451)

Question 11

General adaptation syndrome

Answer 11

A consistent pattern of responses to stress that consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. (page 450)

Question 12

Health psychology

Answer 12

A field that integrates research on health and on psychology; it involves the application of psychological principles to promote health and well-being. (page 430)

Question 13

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

Answer 13

A body system involved in stress responses. (page 449)

Question 14

Immune system

Answer 14

The body’s mechanism for dealing with invading microorganisms, such as allergens, bacteria, and viruses. (page 452)

Question 15

Lymphocytes

Answer 15

Specialized white blood cells that make up the immune system; the three types are B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. (page 453)

Question 16

Oxytocin

Answer 16

A hormone that is important for mothers in bonding to newborns and may encourage affiliation during social stress. (page 452)

Question 17

Primary appraisals

Answer 17

Part of the coping process that involves making decisions about whether a stimulus is stressful, benign, or irrelevant. (page 457)

Question 18

Problem-focused coping

Answer 18

A type of coping in which people take direct steps to confront or minimize a stressor. (page 457)

Question 19

Secondary appraisals

Answer 19

Part of the coping process during which people evaluate their response options and choose coping behaviors. (page 457)

Question 20

Stress

Answer 20

A type of response that typically involves an unpleasant state, such as anxiety or tension. (page 447)

Question 21

Stressor

Answer 21

Something in the environment that is perceived as threatening or demanding and therefore produces stress. (page 447)

Question 22

Tend-and-befriend response

Answer 22

Females’ tendency to protect and care for their offspring and form social alliances rather than fight or flee in response to threat. (page 451)

Question 23

Type A behavior pattern

Answer 23

A pattern of behavior characterized by competitiveness, achievement orientation, aggressiveness, hostility, restlessness, impatience with others, and inability to relax. (page 455)

Question 24

Type B behavior pattern

Answer 24

A pattern of behavior characterized by noncompetitive, relaxed, easygoing, and accommodating behavior. (page 455)

Question 25

Well-being

Answer 25

A positive state that includes striving for optimal health and life satisfaction. (page 430)