FlashcardsChapter10

Question 1

Term

Answer 1

Description

Question 2

Cannon-Bard theory of emotion

Answer 2

Information about emotional stimuli is sent simultaneously to the cortex and the body and results in emotional experience and bodily reactions, respectively. (page 391)

Question 3

Display rules

Answer 3

Rules learned through socialization that dictate which emotions are suitable in given situations. (page 399)

Question 4

Drive

Answer 4

A psychological state that, by creating arousal, motivates an organism to satisfy a need. (page 403)

Question 5

Emotion

Answer 5

An immediate, specific negative or positive response to environmental events or internal thoughts. (page 384)

Question 6

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 6

Motivation to perform an activity because of the external goals toward which that activity is directed. (page 405)

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

The tendency for bodily functions to maintain equilibrium. (page 403)

Question 8

Incentives

Answer 8

External objects or external goals, rather than internal drives, that motivate behaviors. (page 405)

Question 9

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 9

Motivation to perform an activity because of the value or pleasure associated with that activity, rather than for an apparent external goal or purpose. (page 405)

Question 10

James-Lange theory of emotion

Answer 10

People perceive specific patterns of bodily responses, and as a result of that perception they feel emotion. (page 391)

Question 11

Motivation

Answer 11

A process that energizes, guides, and maintains behavior toward a goal. (page 402)

Question 12

Need

Answer 12

A state of biological or social deficiency. (page 402)

Question 13

Need hierarchy

Answer 13

Maslow’s arrangement of needs, in which basic survival needs must be met before people can satisfy higher needs. (page 402)

Question 14

Need to belong theory

Answer 14

The theory that the need for interpersonal attachments is a fundamental motive that has evolved for adaptive purposes. (page 410)

Question 15

Primary emotions

Answer 15

Emotions that are innate, evolutionarily adaptive, and universal (shared across cultures). (page 384)

Question 16

Secondary emotions

Answer 16

Blends of primary emotions. (page 384)

Question 17

Self-actualization

Answer 17

A state that is achieved when one’s personal dreams and aspirations have been attained. (page 403)

Question 18

Sexual response cycle

Answer 18

A four-stage pattern of physical and psychological responses during sexual activity. (page 418)

Question 19

Sexual strategies theory

Answer 19

A theory that maintains that women and men have evolved distinct mating strategies because they faced different adaptive problems over the course of human history. The strategies used by each sex maximize the probability of passing along their genes to future generations. (page 420)

Question 20

Two-factor theory of emotion

Answer 20

A label applied to physiological arousal results in the experience of an emotion. (page 392)

Question 21

Yerkes-Dodson law

Answer 21

The psychological principle that performance on challenging tasks increases with arousal up to a moderate level. After that, additional arousal impairs performance. (page 404)