Flashcard 1

1
Q

what does ARLD stand for

A

alcohol related liver disease

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2
Q

hepatic encephalopathy

A

brain function impaired by presence of toxic substances absorbed from the colon, which would normally have been removed or detoxified by the liver

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3
Q

CRP

A

marker of inflammation/ infectious states and in presence of tissue damage/ necrosis

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4
Q

what are ALT and AST

A

enzymes involved in transamination of amino acids

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5
Q

describe segmentation contractions timings

A

start when food enters the stomach. highest during meal times

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6
Q

liver disease (general) investigations

A
  • USS
  • LFTs
  • U+Es
  • ALT/AST ratio
  • CT/MRI
  • biopsy
  • endoscopy?
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7
Q

symptoms:

  • fever
  • N+V
  • jaundice
  • malaise
  • fatigue
  • abdo pain
  • pale stool, dark urine
A

viral hepatitis

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8
Q

symptoms primary sclerosing cholangitis

A
  • epigastric abdo pain
  • jaundice
  • itchy
  • tired
  • fever
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9
Q

cholangiocarcinoma

A

cancer of bile duct

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10
Q

what could pain in R upper quadrant and right should indicate

A

secondary liver cancer

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11
Q

describe the pain associated with acute cholangitis

A

starts epigastric -> sharp RUQ -> scapula radiation

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12
Q

management acute and chronic cholecytitis

A
  • cholecystectomy
  • IV fluids
  • fast
  • analgesia
  • ABs
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13
Q

signs and symptoms:

  • painful obstructive jaundice
  • pale stools
  • dark urine
  • itching
  • steatorrhoea
A

choledocholithiasis

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14
Q

charcots triad

A
  • jaundice
  • abdo pain
  • fever
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15
Q

symptoms:

  • N+V
  • pyrexia
  • hypovolaemic shock
  • severe epigastric/ umbilical quadrant pain
  • hypocalcaemia
  • hyperglycaemia
  • tachycardic
  • pleural + oscitic effusions
  • jaundice
A

acute pancreatitis

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16
Q

management pancreatic carcinoma

A

palliative

pancreatoduodenectomy

pain control