Fish anatomy

Question 1

Name the fins found in the fish

Answer 1

First and second dorsal
Pectoral
Pelvic
Anal
Caudal

Question 2

What is the part of the fish before the caudal tail called? What can this be used for?

Answer 2

Caudal peduncle

Blood samples

Question 3

What is the beneath the operculum?

Answer 3

4 pairs of gill arches

Question 4

What does the lateral line perceive?

Answer 4

Low vibrations

Question 5

What does the ear perceive?

Answer 5

Higher vibrations

Question 6

Where are taste buds located in the fish?

Answer 6

Tongue

Head

Question 7

How many portions are the nares divided into?

Answer 7

2 - allow water circulate through olfactory bulb/sac

Question 8

The 4 pairs of gill arches have a gill on their outer surface. What do gills consist of?

Answer 8

Filaments

consisting of lamellae

Question 9

The inner margin of each gill arch consists of finger like projections called what?

Answer 9

Gill rakers

Question 10

What is the predominant sense in most species of fish?

Answer 10

Eyes

Or lateral line

Question 11

What are the parts to the stomach?

Answer 11

Cardiac

Pyloric

Question 12

The pyloric caeca are attached to which part of the SI?

Answer 12

Dudoenum

Question 13

What ducts do the pyloric caeca receive?

Answer 13

Bile duct

Pancreatic duct

Question 14

What digestive glands are in the fish?

Answer 14

Gastric glands
Intestinal glands
Liver
Pancreas

Question 15

Where is the pancreas located

Answer 15

On the pyloric caeca

Question 16

What is the swim bladder connected to?

Answer 16

Oesophagus

Question 17

What parts is the kidney divided into?

Answer 17

Anterior

Posterior

Question 18

What chambers does the heart consist of?

Answer 18

Atrium
Ventricle
Bulbus arteriosus

Question 19

What are the 3 types of scales in a fish?

Answer 19

Placoid (rough e.g. shark)
Cteroid
Cycloid

Question 20

How do placoid scales allow fast swimming speeds?

Answer 20

Reduce drag

Question 21

What are the different types of fin?

Answer 21

Rays
Spines
Simple of branched

Question 22

What is the function of the dorsal fin?

Answer 22

Sharp turns and keeping fish upright
Courtship
Can be venomous

Question 23

What is the function of the pectoral fin?

Answer 23

Slow precise movements

Breaking

Question 24

What is the function of the anal fin?

Answer 24

Stability

Courtship (have egg spots)

Question 25

What is the function of the pelvic fin?

Answer 25

Elevate through water Act as a break Some have suckers to stick to surfaces

Question 26

What is the function of the tail/caudal fin?

Answer 26

Propulsion

Question 27

The skeleton includes a pelvic girdle and a backbone. What structure is on top of the backbone?

Answer 27

Gills

Question 28

What is the difference between most fish and shark vertebra?

Answer 28

Sharks are more cartilaginous

Question 29

What are myotomes?

Answer 29

Layers of muscles in the tail and trunk. | Muscles aren't bundled like in others

Question 30

What are the three types of muscles in a fish? Which are striated?

Answer 30

Skeletal - striated Smooth - non-striate Cardiac - striated

Question 31

Jawless fish only have which type of muscle?

Answer 31

Simple striated only

Question 32

Trunk muscle myomeres and myotomes are separated by what?

Answer 32

Myospeta

Question 33

What is the swim bladder?

Answer 33

Gas filled organ - causes buoyancy. Allows energy conservation. May need air removing before releasing back into water. Deep water fish may not have one

Question 34

Describe the kidneys in the fish? What do they do?

Answer 34

2 long black lines at dorsal part of fish. Osmoregulation and salt regulation

Question 35

Describe GFR, urine volume and salt secretory cells in fresh water

Answer 35

High GFR High urine volume Chloride secretary cells absorb salt

Question 36

Describe GFR, urine volume and salt secretory cells in salt water fish

Answer 36

Low GFR Low urine volume Chloride secretory cells excrete cells

Question 37

What glands do fish lack?

Answer 37

Adrenal glands

Question 38

Where are corticoids produced in the fish?

Answer 38

Interenal cells

Question 39

Describe where unoxygenated blood goes in the circulatory system

Answer 39

Sinus venosus --> atrium --> ventricle --> bulbous arteriosus --> gill capillaries

Question 40

Describe RBCs in fish

Answer 40

Nucleated | Flattened

Question 41

Do fish have lungs?

Answer 41

Amphibians etc - gills collapse during air breathing

Question 42

Water enters the mouth by buccal expansion and is accelerated by buccal contraction and operculum expansion. What happens in the reverse of this?

Answer 42

Cough

Question 43

How do fish cope with low oxygen or a higher demand?

Answer 43

``` Increase ventilation rate and volume Gulp air at surface Gill modificaitions e.g branched lamellae Vascularised skin Modified swim bladder ```

Question 44

Is the gall bladder in the fish?

Answer 44

Yes

Question 45

Which organ has finger like projections and secretes enzymes to aid digestion and absorb nutrients?

Answer 45

Pyloric caeca

Question 46

What are the two types of diets in fish and what is the difference in their intestines?

Answer 46

Piscivores - eat fish, small SI | Herbivores - large LI

Question 47

Advanced fish have separate gonads either side of the kidney. Which fish have fused kidneys and gonads?

Answer 47

Primitive fish | Amphibians

Question 48

In the urogenital tract, the male and female have different colour slithers. What colour are they?

Answer 48

Female - orange | Male - white

Question 49

Some fish have simple gonads. What does this mean?

Answer 49

Gametes released into the body | Leave via anal opening

Question 50

What are the two types of fertilisation in fish?

Answer 50

External Internal Most do both

Question 51

Is sperm released through the anal opening?

Answer 51

No | Separate opening