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Exotics and random anatomy > Fish anatomy > Flashcards

Fish anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Name the fins found in the fish

A 
First and second dorsal
Pectoral
Pelvic
Anal
Caudal
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2
Q

What is the part of the fish before the caudal tail called? What can this be used for?

A

Caudal peduncle

Blood samples

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3
Q

What is the beneath the operculum?

A

4 pairs of gill arches

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4
Q

What does the lateral line perceive?

A

Low vibrations

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5
Q

What does the ear perceive?

A

Higher vibrations

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6
Q

Where are taste buds located in the fish?

A

Tongue

Head

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7
Q

How many portions are the nares divided into?

A

2 - allow water circulate through olfactory bulb/sac

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8
Q

The 4 pairs of gill arches have a gill on their outer surface. What do gills consist of?

A

Filaments

consisting of lamellae

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9
Q

The inner margin of each gill arch consists of finger like projections called what?

A

Gill rakers

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10
Q

What is the predominant sense in most species of fish?

A

Eyes

Or lateral line

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11
Q

What are the parts to the stomach?

A

Cardiac

Pyloric

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12
Q

The pyloric caeca are attached to which part of the SI?

A

Dudoenum

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13
Q

What ducts do the pyloric caeca receive?

A

Bile duct

Pancreatic duct

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14
Q

What digestive glands are in the fish?

A

Gastric glands
Intestinal glands
Liver
Pancreas

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15
Q

Where is the pancreas located

A

On the pyloric caeca

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16
Q

What is the swim bladder connected to?

A

Oesophagus

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17
Q

What parts is the kidney divided into?

A

Anterior

Posterior

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18
Q

What chambers does the heart consist of?

A

Atrium
Ventricle
Bulbus arteriosus

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19
Q

What are the 3 types of scales in a fish?

A

Placoid (rough e.g. shark)
Cteroid
Cycloid

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20
Q

How do placoid scales allow fast swimming speeds?

A

Reduce drag

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21
Q

What are the different types of fin?

A

Rays
Spines
Simple of branched

22
Q

What is the function of the dorsal fin?

A

Sharp turns and keeping fish upright
Courtship
Can be venomous

23
Q

What is the function of the pectoral fin?

A

Slow precise movements

Breaking

24
Q

What is the function of the anal fin?

A

Stability

Courtship (have egg spots)

25
Q

What is the function of the pelvic fin?

A

Elevate through water
Act as a break
Some have suckers to stick to surfaces

26
Q

What is the function of the tail/caudal fin?

A

Propulsion

27
Q

The skeleton includes a pelvic girdle and a backbone. What structure is on top of the backbone?

A

Gills

28
Q

What is the difference between most fish and shark vertebra?

A

Sharks are more cartilaginous

29
Q

What are myotomes?

A

Layers of muscles in the tail and trunk.

Muscles aren’t bundled like in others

30
Q

What are the three types of muscles in a fish? Which are striated?

A

Skeletal - striated
Smooth - non-striate
Cardiac - striated

31
Q

Jawless fish only have which type of muscle?

A

Simple striated only

32
Q

Trunk muscle myomeres and myotomes are separated by what?

A

Myospeta

33
Q

What is the swim bladder?

A

Gas filled organ - causes buoyancy. Allows energy conservation. May need air removing before releasing back into water. Deep water fish may not have one

34
Q

Describe the kidneys in the fish? What do they do?

A

2 long black lines at dorsal part of fish. Osmoregulation and salt regulation

35
Q

Describe GFR, urine volume and salt secretory cells in fresh water

A

High GFR
High urine volume
Chloride secretary cells absorb salt

36
Q

Describe GFR, urine volume and salt secretory cells in salt water fish

A

Low GFR
Low urine volume
Chloride secretory cells excrete cells

37
Q

What glands do fish lack?

A

Adrenal glands

38
Q

Where are corticoids produced in the fish?

A

Interenal cells

39
Q

Describe where unoxygenated blood goes in the circulatory system

A

Sinus venosus –> atrium –> ventricle –> bulbous arteriosus –> gill capillaries

40
Q

Describe RBCs in fish

A

Nucleated

Flattened

41
Q

Do fish have lungs?

A

Amphibians etc - gills collapse during air breathing

42
Q

Water enters the mouth by buccal expansion and is accelerated by buccal contraction and operculum expansion. What happens in the reverse of this?

A

Cough

43
Q

How do fish cope with low oxygen or a higher demand?

A 
Increase ventilation rate and volume
Gulp air at surface
Gill modificaitions e.g branched lamellae
Vascularised skin
Modified swim bladder
44
Q

Is the gall bladder in the fish?

A

Yes

45
Q

Which organ has finger like projections and secretes enzymes to aid digestion and absorb nutrients?

A

Pyloric caeca

46
Q

What are the two types of diets in fish and what is the difference in their intestines?

A

Piscivores - eat fish, small SI

Herbivores - large LI

47
Q

Advanced fish have separate gonads either side of the kidney. Which fish have fused kidneys and gonads?

A

Primitive fish

Amphibians

48
Q

In the urogenital tract, the male and female have different colour slithers. What colour are they?

A

Female - orange

Male - white

49
Q

Some fish have simple gonads. What does this mean?

A

Gametes released into the body

Leave via anal opening

50
Q

What are the two types of fertilisation in fish?

A

External
Internal
Most do both

51
Q

Is sperm released through the anal opening?

A

No

Separate opening

Exotics and random anatomy (23 decks)

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