Firstmidquarterstudy Flashcards
What are some ways you can reduce the chance of injury when lifting patients?
Proper body mechanics, maintaining physical fitness
Is the most commonly used device to transport patients. Is a specially designed stretcher that can be rolled along the ground and weighs between 40 and 145ib(18 and 66kg), depending on its design and features.
Wheeled ambulance stretcher
Because of its weight, it is generally not take up or down stairs or to other locations where the patient must be carried for any significant distance
Wheeled ambulance stretcher
The mattress on a stretcher is fluid resistant so that it does not absorb any type of__ material,including water,blood,or other body fluid
infectious
Is a long,flat board made of rigid,rectangular material.
Backboard
Is used to temporarily restrict spinal motion in supine patients with potential neck and back injuries
Backboard
Are 6 to 7 feet long (approximately 2m) and are commonly used for patients who are found lying down
Backboards
Parallel to the sides and ends of the _ are a number of long holes that are about 0.5 to 1 inch (1to 2.5cm) from the outer edge. These holes form handles and handholds so that the board can be easily grasped,lifted,and carried. The handles and adjacent holes also allow the patient to be secured to the board using straps located at each side and end of the __
Backboard
The shoulder girdle rest on the rib cage and is supported by the vertebrae that lie inferior to it. The arms are connected to and hang from the shoulder girdle. When a person stands upright,the individual weight-bearing vertebrae are stacked on top of each other and aligned over the ___. The __ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle
Sacrum
When a person stands upright, the weight of anything being lifted and carried in the hands is reflected onto the shoulder girdle, the spinal column inferior to it, the pelvis, and then the legs (FIGURE 8-3). In lifting, if the shoulder girdle is aligned over the pelvis and the hands are held close to the legs, the force that is exerted against the spine occurs in an essentially straight line down the vertebrae in the__. Therefore, with the back properly maintained in an upright position, little strain occurs against the muscles and ligaments that keep the spinal column in alignment, and significant weight can be lifted and carried without injury to the back
spinal column
However, you may injure your back if you lift while leaning forward, or even if you lift while the back is straight, while you are bent significantly forward at the hips. With the back in either of these positions, the shoulder girdle lies significantly anterior to the pelvis, and the force of lifting is exerted primarily across, rather than down, the_. When this occurs, the weight is supported by the muscles of the back and ligaments that run from the base of the skull to the pelvis, keeping the spinal column in alignment, rather than by each vertebral body and disk resting on those aligned below it. In addition, the upper spine and torso serve as a lever so that the force that is exerted against the muscles and ligaments in the lumbar and sacral regions, as a result of the mechanical advantage produced, is many times that of the combined weight of your upper body and the object you are lifting. Therefore, the first key rule of lifting is to always keep your back in a straight, upright (vertical) position, and lift without twisting. Always face the patient and point your feet in the same direction. After lifting the patient, change the direction of your feet as opposed to twisting or turning from the waist.
spinal column
As well as being the safest method,limiting by extending the properly placed flexed legs is almost the most powerful way to lift. This method is called
Power lift
If a patient is supine on a backboard or is lying in a semi-Fowler position on the stretcher, his or her weight is not equally distributed between the two ends of the device. Between __and __of the body weight of a patient in a horizontal position is in the torso. Therefore, more of the patient’s weight rests on the head half of the device thän on the foot half.
68% and 78%
A patient on a backboard or stretcher can be lifted and carried by four providers in a__, with one provider at the head end of the device, one at the foot end, and one at each side of the patient’s torso (FIGURE 8-9).
Follow these steps to perform the
diamond carry
When you must carry a conscious patient up or down a flight of stairs or other significant incline, use a__ if the patient’s condition allows him or her to be placed in a sitting position. A__ is a lightweight folding chair with a molded seat, adjustable safety straps, and fold-out handles at both the head and feet (FIGURE 8-11).
stair chair
The __is used for patients with no suspected spinal injury who are found lying supine on the ground. Use this lift when you have to lift and carry the patient some distance to be placed on the stretcher. if you find the patient semiprone or lying on his or her side, first log roll the patient onto his or her back. Ideally, the __should be performed by three providers; however, it can be done with only two. Perform the direct ground lift as follöws
direct ground lift
The __may also be used for patients with no suspected extremity or spinal injuries who are supine or in a sitting position. The __may be especially helpful when the patient is in a very narrow space or there is not enough room for the patient and several EMTs to stand side by side.
extremity lift
Transfer a supine patient from a bed to the stretcher using the __ method
Direct carry
To move a patient from a bed onto a stretcher,use the __method
Draw sheet method
Another option when moving a patient is to use a__. With a scoop stretcher, the two halves of the device are inserted under each side of the patient, and the two sides are fastened together. Then the patient is lifted and carried to the nearby prepared stretcher. (Note that you can also log roll a patient onto a__ that is already locked together.)
scoop stretcher
When you use a body drag to move a patient ,your back should always be locked in a __by tightening your abdominal muscles,not curved laterally or bent laterally.
Slight curve
During pulling,extend your arms no more than about ___ in front of your torso
15 to 20 inches (38 to 50)
Commonly adult patients weigh between
120 and 220