Ch.6humanbody Flashcards
What is anatomy
Is a field of study that focuses on the physical “structure” of the body and its systems.
What’s is physiology
Examining the normal “functions” and “activities” of these biological components
What is pathophysiology
Is the study of functional “changes” that accompany a particular disease or syndrome.
What is topographic anatomy
The superficial landmarks of the body that serve as guides to the structures that lie beneath them
What is an anatomic position
The position of reference in which the patient stands facing forward, arms at the side,with the palms of the hands forward
Three main axes of the anatomic planes
The coronal (frontal) plane
The Sagittal (lateral) plane
The transverse (axial) plane
Where does the coronal (frontal) plane run?
Runs vertically through the body and divides it into front and back sections
Where does the Sagittal (lateral) plane run?
Runs vertically, but divides the body into left and right sections
Where does the transverse (axial) plane run?
Divides the body horizontally into top and bottoms sections
Where does the midsagittal (midline) plane run
Divides the body into equal left and right halves
Cells that share a common function grow close to each other, forming
Tissues
Groups of tissues that perform similar or interrelated jobs form
Organs
The skeletal system serves many functions, but some of the most obvious are to ___(3 things)
Provide structural support to bear the bodys weight
Establish a framework to attach soft tissues and internal organs
Protect vital organs such as the heart and lungs
The red marrow found within the internal cavities of many bones produces
Red blood cells
How many bones are in the skeletal system
206
The 206 bones that compose the skeletal system are divided between the
Axial and appendicular skeletons
The axial skeleton forms the longitudinal axis of the body, from the
Skull to the tailbone, or coccyx. It includes the skull, facial bones, thoracic cage, and vertebral column.
The appendicular skeleton comprises the upper and lower extremities (arms and legs) and the points by which they connect with the
Axial skeleton (eg, the shoulder)
The pelvis includes portions from both the
Axial and appendicular skeletons
A ______ is where two bones meet
Joint
The names of most joints are formulated by combining the names of these adjoining bones. For example, the sternoclavicular joint is the articulation between the
Sternum and the clavicle
The degree to which a joint can move is determined by how the
ligaments hold the bone ends and by the configuration of the bones themselves
The fibrous tissues that connect bone to bone, helping to stabilize these joints, are called
Ligaments
The semirigid yet flexible tissue that covers and cushions the ends of articulating bones is called
Cartilage