First Nine Weeks Test

Question 1

What is not the goal of science

Answer 1

something you can’t prove

Question 2

What are the steps in an experiment

Answer 2

Purpose, research, hypothesis, experiment, and conclusion

Question 3

What is a hypothesis

Answer 3

A scientific or educated guess

Question 4

What is a controlled experiment

Answer 4

When only one variable is changed at a time and all other variables remain the same

Question 5

Why do scientists publish their experiments

Answer 5

So other scientists can look at and test their experiments

Question 6

Wha is a theory

Answer 6

When a hypothesis becomes so well supported

Question 7

What is biology

Answer 7

The study of living things

Question 8

What are five characteristics of all living things

Answer 8

All living things are made up of a basic unit called cells, reproduce, grow and develop, obtain and use materials and energy, and respond to their environment

Question 9

What is homeostasis

Answer 9

When an organism maintains a stable internal condition

Question 10

What is metabolism

Answer 10

Combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out life’s processes

Question 11

What are all the microscopes

Answer 11

TEMs, SEMs, compound light microscope, and a regular microscope

Question 12

What is cell culture

Answer 12

When a group of cells develops from a single cell

Question 13

What is cell fractionation

Answer 13

Separates different parts of the cell

Question 14

What is the goal of science

Answer 14

To investigate and understand the natural world

Question 15

Describe TEMs

Answer 15

Shines a beam of electrons through a thin specimen

Question 16

Describe SEMs

Answer 16

Produces a realistic three dimensional image of the surface of objects

Question 17

Describe compound light microscopes

Answer 17

Allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image

Question 18

Describe regular microscopes

Answer 18

Produces magnified images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided eye

Question 19

What is an inference

Answer 19

A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience

Question 20

What is cell

Answer 20

A collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates it from its surroundings

Question 21

What is data

Answer 21

Information gathered from observations

Question 22

Describe redis experiment

Answer 22

He tried to prove spontaneous generation and looked for maggots on covered and uncovered meat

Question 23

What is spontaneous generation

Answer 23

The idea that life could arise from nonliving matter

Question 24

What is the responding variable

Answer 24

responds to the manipulated variable

Question 25

What is the manipulating variable

Answer 25

The variable that is deliberately changed

Question 26

Why is it important to test only one variable at a time

Answer 26

So you can figure out exactly which variable is causing the change

Question 27

3 particles that make up an atom

Answer 27

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 28

Where are they located

Answer 28

Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus and electrons orbit around the nucleus

Question 29

What are isotopes

Answer 29

Same element different number of neutrons

Question 30

Why is the basic unit of matter

Answer 30

Atoms

Question 31

What is an element

Answer 31

Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

Question 32

What is the metric system

Answer 32

Decimal system of measurements whose units are based on certain physical standard

Question 33

Why do scientist use the metric system

Answer 33

They need to replicate each other's experiments and most experiments use measurements

Question 34

What is the metric system based on multiples of

Answer 34

10

Question 35

What does atom mean and what is the Greek word for it

Answer 35

Smallest unit of matter; atomos and it means unable to be cut

Question 36

What are the charge of the three particles

Answer 36

Protons are positive, neutrons are neutral, and electrons are negative

Question 37

How are covalent bonds formed

Answer 37

When electrons are shared between atoms

Question 38

How are ionic bonds formed

Answer 38

When one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 39

What are species

Answer 39

Groups of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring

Question 40

What are populations

Answer 40

Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

Question 41

What are communities

Answer 41

Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area

Question 42

What are ecosystems

Answer 42

Collections of all organisms that live together in a particular place together with their physical environment

Question 43

What are biomes

Answer 43

Groups of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominate communities

Question 44

What is a biosphere

Answer 44

Portions of the planet in which all life exists including land, water, air, and atmosphere

Question 45

What are herbivores

Answer 45

They only eat plants

Question 46

What are carnivores

Answer 46

They only eat animals

Question 47

What are omnivores

Answer 47

Eat both plants and animals

Question 48

What are detritivores

Answer 48

Eat plant and animal remains and other dead matter

Question 49

What are decomposers

Answer 49

Break down organic matter

Question 50

What are autotrophs

Answer 50

Same as producers make their own food

Question 51

What are heterotrophs

Answer 51

Same as consumers and rely on other organisms for their food

Question 52

What are food chains

Answer 52

Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Question 53

What are food webs

Answer 53

Link all the food chains in an ecosystem together

Question 54

What are trophic levels

Answer 54

Step in a food chain or food web

Question 55

What are ecological pyramids

Answer 55

Diagrams that show the relative amount of energy contained within each trophic level

Question 56

What is biomass

Answer 56

The total amount of living tissue in a trophic level

Question 57

What happens in photosynthesis

Answer 57

Autotrophs use energy from the sun to make oxygen rich carbohydrates

Question 58

What is chemosynthesis

Answer 58

When an organism uses chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

Question 59

How much energy is passed between each trophic level

Answer 59

10%

Question 60

Where does the energy go

Answer 60

It's released as heat

Question 61

What is nitrogen fixation

Answer 61

The process by which bacteria converts nitrogen into ammonia

Question 62

What is denitrification

Answer 62

The process by which some soil bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas

Question 63

What is primary productivity

Answer 63

The rate at which organic matter is created by producers

Question 64

What is a limiting nutrient

Answer 64

When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly

Question 65

How does a limiting nutrient affect the ecosystem

Answer 65

If a nutrient is in short supply it will limit an organisms growth

Question 66

What are the levels of organisms within an ecosystem

Answer 66

Species, populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes