Chapter 13 vocab Flashcards
Hybridization
Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms
Inbreeding
The continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics
Genetic engineering
Making changes in the DNA code of a living organism
Restriction enzyme
Enzymes that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of Nucleotides
Gel electrophoresis
Procedure that allows DNA fragments to be separated & Analyzed
Recombinant DNA
Because they are produced by combining DNA from different sources
Polymerase chain reaction
Like a photo copy machine stuck on “print”
Plasmid
The foreign DNA is first joined to a small, circular DNA molecule
Genetic maker
A gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid from those that don’t
Transgenic
Meaning that they contain genes from other species
Clone
A member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell
Selective Breeding
Allowing only those animals with desired characteristics to produce the next generation
Humans use selective breeding, which takes advantage of naturally occurring genetic variation in plants animals and other o gains so to pass desired traits on to the next generation of organisms
Polyploid
Many sets of chromosomes
Organism that’s has been produced by selective breeding
Horses dogs cats potatoes
Who was Luther Burbank
Botanist, who d beloved the disease-resistant Burbank potato, which was later exported to Ireland to help fight potato blight and other diseases
What are the risks of inbreeding
There is always a chance that a cross between two individuals will bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect