Chapter test Flashcards

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1
Q

Circle the latter or each organisms that has been produced by selective breeding

A

A. Horses b. Dogs c. Cats d. Potatoes

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2
Q

Who was Luther Burbank

A

A selective plant breeder who developed disease resistant potatoes

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3
Q

What are the risks of inbreeding

A

There’s a chance that a cross between two individuals will bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect.

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4
Q

Why are biologists interested in preserving the diversity of plants and animals in the wild?

A

Selective breeding would al,last be impossible without the wide variation that is found in natural habitats

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5
Q

Breeders can increase the genetic variation by including _______, which are the ultimate source of genetic variability

A

Mutations

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6
Q

Name two methods used by breeders to increase the rate of mutations

A

Radiation and chemicals

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7
Q

Describe how animal cells can be transformed by directly injecting DNA

A

Once inside the nucleus, enzymes normally respond for DNA repair.

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8
Q

How do scientists know that plants and animals shore the same basic mechanisms of gene expression

A

A gene for Luciferase that is an animal enzyme, also works perfectly in a plant

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9
Q

What is a transgenic organism

A

An organism that contains genes form other species.

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10
Q

Describe how to make a transgenic organism

A

Using basic techniques of genetic engineering, a gene from one organism can be inserted into cells from another.

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11
Q

Genetic engineering has spurred the growth of ________, a new industry that is changing the way we interact with the living world.

A

Biotechnology

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12
Q

Circle the letter of each sent edge that is true about transgenic micro organisms

A

B. Transgenic bacteria produce human proteins cheaply and in great abundance
C. People with insulin-dependent diabetes are now treated with pure human insulin
D. In the future, transgenic organisms may produce the raw materials for plastic

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13
Q

List four ways in which transgenic animals have been used

A

Study genes
To improve the food supply
Study the effects of disease on the human immune system
To produce human proteins

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14
Q

Circle each item that might soon be produced by transgenic plants.

A

Human anti bodies
Rot- resistant food
Plastics
Vitamin A-enriched rice

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15
Q

T or F? For years, many scientists thought that it was impossible to clone bacteria

A

False

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16
Q

T or F? All cloned animals are also transgenic

A

False

17
Q

What kind of mammals have been cloned in recent years

A

Cows, pigs, mice, sheep and other mammals

18
Q

What is a clone

A

A member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell

19
Q

What is meant by selective breeding

A

Only animals with desired characteristics are aloud to produce the next generation