Chapter 11

Question 1

True-breeding

Answer 1

Meaning that If they were allowed to self pollinate, they would produce offspring identical to them selves

Question 2

Trait

Answer 2

A specific characteristics that varies from one individual to another

Question 3

Hybrids

Answer 3

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

Chemical factors that determine traits

Question 5

Alleles

Answer 5

Different forms of genes

Question 6

Segregation

Answer 6

Separation of alleles

Question 7

Gametes

Answer 7

The formation of sex cells

Question 8

Probability

Answer 8

The likelihood that a particular event will occur

Question 9

Punnett square

Answer 9

The gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross can be determined by a drawing or diagram

Question 10

Homozygous

Answer 10

Organisms that have 2 identical alleles for a particular trait

Question 11

Heterozygous

Answer 11

Organisms that have 2 different alleles for the same trait

Question 12

Phenotype

Answer 12

Physical characteristics

Question 13

Genotype

Answer 13

Genetic makeup

Question 14

Genetics

Answer 14

The scientific study of heredity

Question 15

The alleles for seed shape segregated independently of those for seed color

Answer 15

Independent assortment

Question 16

When one allele is not

Answer 16

Incomplete dominance

Question 17

S

Answer 17

Codominance

Question 18

A

Answer 18

Multiple alleles

Question 19

A

Answer 19

Polygenic traits

Question 20

Incomplete dominance

Answer 20

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominate over another

Question 21

Codominance

Answer 21

Situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism

Question 22

Multiple alleles

Answer 22

3 or more alleles of the same gene

Question 23

Polygenic traits

Answer 23

Trait controlled by 2 or more genes

Question 24

Homologous

Answer 24

Term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent

Question 25

Diploid

Answer 25

Term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes

Question 26

Haploid

Answer 26

Term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

Question 27

Meiosis

Answer 27

Process by which the # of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous Chromosomes in a diploid cell

Question 28

Tetrad

Answer 28

Structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis

Question 29

Crossing over

Answer 29

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis

Question 30

Gene map

Answer 30

Diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome