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Y2 ENT > Findings & Presentations > Flashcards

Findings & Presentations Flashcards

1
Q

what is ageusia

A

taste loss

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2
Q

what is hypoguesia

A

decreased taste function

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3
Q

what is dysgeusia

A

distorted taste function

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4
Q

what is anosmia

A

smell inability

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5
Q

what is hyposmia

A

decreased smell ability

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6
Q

what is dysosmia

A

distorted smell ability

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7
Q

what is nystagmus

A

vestibulo-ocular reflex

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8
Q

what is mild hearing loss

A

20-40dB

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9
Q

what is moderate hearing loss

A

40-60dB

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10
Q

what is severe hearing loss

A

60-90dB

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11
Q

what is profound hearing loss

A

90+dB

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12
Q

what is the cause of bi-directional dystagmus

A

brainstem problem

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13
Q

what are causes of ageusia

A

nerve damage (glossitis, radiation, tobacco), endocrine disorder

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14
Q

what are the causes of hypogeusia

A

chemotherapy, medications

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15
Q

what are the causes of dysgeusia

A

glossitis, gum infection, tooth decay, GORD, URTI, drug, neoplasm, chemotherapy, Zn deficiency

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16
Q

what is oscillopsia

A

no vestibular input

17
Q

what is the D principle

A

deaf, discomfort, discharge, dizzy, din din (tinnitus), defective movement of face

18
Q

what nerves could be involved in earache

A

CNV, VII, IX, X, C2/C3 spinal nerves

19
Q

what is otorrhoea

A

discharge

20
Q

what are potential causes of otorrhoea

A

acute/chronic otitis media, CSF leak

21
Q

difference between dizziness and vertigo

A

vertigo is specific movement sensation

22
Q

what is the first line test of hearing loss

A

pure tone audiometry

23
Q

what is a positive result of PTA

A

greater than 50% perceived

24
Q

how to tell apart right and left ear on a audiogram

A

right red

left blue

25
Q

what does ‘O’ represent on an audiogram

A

air conduction right

26
Q

what does ‘X’ represent on an audiogram

A

air conduction left

27
Q

what does the triangle represent on an audiogram

A

bone conduction

28
Q

what is the 1st line test for dysphagia

A

endoscopy

29
Q

what is the 2nd line test for dysphagia after endoscopy

A

depends on clinical picture; CT/MRI if suspect malignancy, Ba swallow if suspect GI problem (e.g. stricture, pouch)

30
Q

what is the 1st line test for a neck lump

A

US

31
Q

what does a benign lymph node look like on ultrasound

A

oval, central fatty hilum, organised vessels

32
Q

what does a malignant lymph node look like on ultrasound

A

round

33
Q

what is the 1st line test for foreign body injestion

A

XR (if radio-opaque)

34
Q

what scan do you do for staging neck/chest cancer

A

CT

35
Q

what scan do you do of an abscess prior to drainage

A

CT

36
Q

is a CT or MRI better for visualising the larynx

A

CT

37
Q

is a CT or MRI better for visualising the skull base

A

MRI

Y2 ENT (12 decks)

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