Findings & Presentations Flashcards
what is ageusia
taste loss
what is hypoguesia
decreased taste function
what is dysgeusia
distorted taste function
what is anosmia
smell inability
what is hyposmia
decreased smell ability
what is dysosmia
distorted smell ability
what is nystagmus
vestibulo-ocular reflex
what is mild hearing loss
20-40dB
what is moderate hearing loss
40-60dB
what is severe hearing loss
60-90dB
what is profound hearing loss
90+dB
what is the cause of bi-directional dystagmus
brainstem problem
what are causes of ageusia
nerve damage (glossitis, radiation, tobacco), endocrine disorder
what are the causes of hypogeusia
chemotherapy, medications
what are the causes of dysgeusia
glossitis, gum infection, tooth decay, GORD, URTI, drug, neoplasm, chemotherapy, Zn deficiency
what is oscillopsia
no vestibular input
what is the D principle
deaf, discomfort, discharge, dizzy, din din (tinnitus), defective movement of face
what nerves could be involved in earache
CNV, VII, IX, X, C2/C3 spinal nerves
what is otorrhoea
discharge
what are potential causes of otorrhoea
acute/chronic otitis media, CSF leak
difference between dizziness and vertigo
vertigo is specific movement sensation
what is the first line test of hearing loss
pure tone audiometry
what is a positive result of PTA
greater than 50% perceived
how to tell apart right and left ear on a audiogram
right red
left blue
what does ‘O’ represent on an audiogram
air conduction right
what does ‘X’ represent on an audiogram
air conduction left
what does the triangle represent on an audiogram
bone conduction
what is the 1st line test for dysphagia
endoscopy
what is the 2nd line test for dysphagia after endoscopy
depends on clinical picture; CT/MRI if suspect malignancy, Ba swallow if suspect GI problem (e.g. stricture, pouch)
what is the 1st line test for a neck lump
US
what does a benign lymph node look like on ultrasound
oval, central fatty hilum, organised vessels
what does a malignant lymph node look like on ultrasound
round
what is the 1st line test for foreign body injestion
XR (if radio-opaque)
what scan do you do for staging neck/chest cancer
CT
what scan do you do of an abscess prior to drainage
CT
is a CT or MRI better for visualising the larynx
CT
is a CT or MRI better for visualising the skull base
MRI
