Cranial Nerves Flashcards
name CNI
olfactory
name CNII
optic
name CNIII
oculomotor
name CNIV
trochlea
name CNV
trigeminal
name CNV1
ophthalmic branch of trigeminal
name CNV2
maxillary branch of trigeminal
name CNV3
mandibular branch of trigeminal
name CNVI
abducens
name CNVII
facial
name CNVIII
vestibulocochlear
name CNIX
glossopharyngeal
name CNX
vagus
name CNXI
spinal accessory
name CNXII
hypoglossal
where does CNI leave the base of the skull
cribriform plate of ethmoid
where does CNII leave the base of the skull
optic canal on lesser wing of sphenoid
where does CNIII leave the base of the skull
superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid
where does CNIV leave the base of the skull
superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid
where does CNV1 leave the base of the skull
superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid
where does CNV2 leave the base of the skull
foramen rotundum on sphenoid
where does CNV3 leave the base of the skull
foramen ovale on sphenoid
where does CNVI leave the base of the skull
superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid
where does CNVII leave the base of the skull
from internal acoustic meatus through petrous temporal bone to stylomastoid foramen
where does CNVIII leave the base of the skull
internal acoustic meatus in petrous temporal bone
where does CNIX leave the base of the skull
jugular foramen
where does CNX leave the base of the skull
jugular foramen
where does CNXI leave the base of the skull
jugular foramen
where does CNXII leave the base of the skull
hypoglossal canal
where is the jugular foramen
between petrous temporal bone and occipital bone
which bone is the hypoglossal canal part of
occipital bone
what structures pass through the jugular foramen
CNIX, CNX, CNXI, internal jugular vein
through which cranial fossa does CNI leave the skull
anterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNII leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNIII leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNIV leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNV1 leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNV2 leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNV3 leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNVI leave the skull
middle cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNVII leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNVIII leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNIX leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNX leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNXI leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
through which cranial fossa does CNXII leave the skull
posterior cranial fossa
what are the axon modalities of CNI
special sensory and sensory
what are the axon modalities of CNII
special sensory
what are the axon modalities of CNIII
motor
what are the axon modalities of CNIV
motor
what are the axon modalities of CNV1
sensory
what are the axon modalities of CNV2
sensory, parasympathetic
what are the axon modalities of CNV3
sensory, motor
what are the axon modalities of CNVI
motor
what are the axon modalities of CNVII
special sensory, sensory, parasympathetic, motor
what are the axon modalities of CNVIII
special sensory
what are the axon modalities of CNIX
sensory, motor, parasympathetic
what are the axon modalities of CNX
sensory, motor, parasympathetic, special sensory
what are the axon modalities of CNXI
motor
what are the axon modalities of CNXII
motor
what is innervated by CNI
olfactory mucosa receptor cells on roof of nasal cavity
what is innervated by CNII
eye for vision
what is innervated by CNIII
extraocular muscles except lateral rectus and superior oblique
and
parasympathetics of ciliary ganglion
what is innervated by CNIV
superior oblique extraocular muscle
what is innervated by CNV1
sensory of forehead, upper eyelid, cornea, conjunctiva, bridge/apex of nose, sinuses except maxillary, anterior and posterior cranial fossae
what is innervated by CNV2
sensory of nasal cavities, ala of nose, middle of face (lower eyelid to upper lip), and maxillary sinuses
what is innervated by CNV3
motor: muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid) + TMJ
sensory: chin / side of face, sensory anterior 2/3 tongue, sensory to teeth, sensory to parotid, maxillary sinus, floor for nasal cavity, middle cranial fossa, buccal mucosa
what is innervated by CNVI
lateral rectus extraocular muscle
what is innervated by CNVII
muscles of facial expression taste of anterior 2/3 tongue parasympathetic to sublingual and submandibular salivary glands, lacrimal gland, parasympa to sinuses motor stapedius muscle efferent corneal reflex sensory to helix/concha of ear, and...
what is innervated by CNVIII
internal ear for hearing and balance
what is innervated by CNIX
motor to stylopharyngeus
sensation nasopharynx, oropharynx, eustachian tube, middle ear cavity, palatine tonsil
visceral afferent to carotid sinus
parasympathetic to parotid salivary gland
taste and sensation of poster 1/3 tongue (vallate papillae)
what is innervated by CNX
sensory from inferior phaynx/larynx/thoracic/abdo organs, motor to soft palate/palatoglossus, parasympathetic to thoracic/abdo organs, special sensory taste to epiglottis
what is innervated by CNXI
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius motor
what is innervated by CNXII
motor to styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus and intrinsci muscles of the tongue
which of the cranial nerves are parasympathetic
III, VII, IX, X
what nerves form the chorda tympani
CN7, CNV3
what is the function of the chorda tympani
anterior 2/3 tongue taste
where does CNI attach to the CNS
olfactory tract
where does CNII attach to the CNS
diencephalon
where does CNIII attach to the CNS
midbrain mesencephalon
where does CNIV attach to the CNS
midbrain mesencephalon
where does CNV attach to the CNS
pons (between midbrain and medulla)
where does CNVI attach to the CNS
pontomedullary junction
where does CNVII attach to the CNS
pontomedullary junction
where does CNVIII attach to the CNS
pontomedullary junction
where does CNIX attach to the CNS
medulla
where does CNX attach to the CNS
medulla
where does CNXI attach to the CNS
cervical spinal cord
where does CNXII attach to the CNS
via rootlets lateral to pyramids of medulla
insert extracranial path of vagus
runs within carotid sheath right CNX on lateral aspect of trachea left CNX on lateral aspect of aortic arch left arch of aorta right under right subclavian artery then becomes recurrent laryngeal nerve to supply larynx through diaphragm with oesophagus pass onto surface of stomach then branches
what direction to CNXII travel in intracranially
anteriorly
what is the extracranial path of CNXII
descends lateral to carotid sheath, at hyoid level moves anteriorly to lateral tongue. is lateral to the loop of the lingual artery
name a branch of CNV3
auricotemporal branch
how do you clinically test CN I
Ask patient to smell a familiar smell while covering the contralateral nostril
how do you clinically test CN II
Snellen Ishihara plates Visual fields Pupillary light reflex Fundoscopy
how do you clinically test CN III
H test
how do you clinically test CN IV
H test
how do you clinically test CN V1
sensation on forehead, upper eyelid and tip of nose
how do you clinically test CN V2
sensation of mid-cheek, lower eyelid, upper lip and nostril
how do you clinically test CN V3
sensory: sensation of mid cheek, lower lip and chin
motor: palpate while clenching teeth, open jaw against resistance
how do you clinically test CN VI
H test
how do you clinically test CN VII
raise eyebrows
close eyes tightly
smile
puff out cheeks and hold air
how do you clinically test CN VIII
Rinnie and Weber tests
how do you clinically test CN IX
test sensory by eliciting gag reflex
how do you clinically test CN X
say ‘ahhhh’, in unilateral damage uvula goes away from damaged side
speech for hoarseness testing laryngeal muscles
swallow sip of water for splutter testing pharyngeal muscles
how do you clinically test CN XI
Shrug shoulders
Turn head to flex neck and turn towards the opposite side
how do you clinically test CN XII
Stick out tongue
If damage points towards side of damage
where does the olfactory nerve synapse
olfactory bulb
where is the intracranial path of the optic tract
around the pituitary stalk
where is the intracranial path of CN III
lateral wall of the cavernous sinus
where is the intracranial path of CN IV
lateral wall of cavernous sinuses
where is the intracranial path of CN V
Inferior to the edge of the tentorium cerebelli between the posterior and middle cranial fossae
where is the intracranial path of CN VI
within cavernous sinus
where is the intracranial path of CN VII
directly into internal acoustic meatus
where is the intracranial path of CN VIII
posteromedially from the internal acoustic meatus to the pontomedullary junction
where is the intracranial path of CN IX
directly towards jugular foramen
where is the intracranial path of CN X
directly towards jugular foramen
where is the extracranial path of CN XI
on surface of SCM
where is the extracranial path of CN XII
Descends lateral to carotid sheath.
At the level of the hyoid turns anteriorly towards lateral aspect of tongue
where is the extracranial path of CN XII
Descends lateral to carotid sheath.
At the level of the hyoid turns anteriorly towards lateral aspect of tongue