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Y2 ENT > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

name CNI

A

olfactory

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2
Q

name CNII

A

optic

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3
Q

name CNIII

A

oculomotor

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4
Q

name CNIV

A

trochlea

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5
Q

name CNV

A

trigeminal

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6
Q

name CNV1

A

ophthalmic branch of trigeminal

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7
Q

name CNV2

A

maxillary branch of trigeminal

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8
Q

name CNV3

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal

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9
Q

name CNVI

A

abducens

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10
Q

name CNVII

A

facial

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11
Q

name CNVIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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12
Q

name CNIX

A

glossopharyngeal

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13
Q

name CNX

A

vagus

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14
Q

name CNXI

A

spinal accessory

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15
Q

name CNXII

A

hypoglossal

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16
Q

where does CNI leave the base of the skull

A

cribriform plate of ethmoid

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17
Q

where does CNII leave the base of the skull

A

optic canal on lesser wing of sphenoid

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18
Q

where does CNIII leave the base of the skull

A

superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid

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19
Q

where does CNIV leave the base of the skull

A

superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid

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20
Q

where does CNV1 leave the base of the skull

A

superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid

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21
Q

where does CNV2 leave the base of the skull

A

foramen rotundum on sphenoid

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22
Q

where does CNV3 leave the base of the skull

A

foramen ovale on sphenoid

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23
Q

where does CNVI leave the base of the skull

A

superior orbital fissure on greater wing of sphenoid

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24
Q

where does CNVII leave the base of the skull

A

from internal acoustic meatus through petrous temporal bone to stylomastoid foramen

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25
Q

where does CNVIII leave the base of the skull

A

internal acoustic meatus in petrous temporal bone

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26
Q

where does CNIX leave the base of the skull

A

jugular foramen

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27
Q

where does CNX leave the base of the skull

A

jugular foramen

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28
Q

where does CNXI leave the base of the skull

A

jugular foramen

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29
Q

where does CNXII leave the base of the skull

A

hypoglossal canal

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30
Q

where is the jugular foramen

A

between petrous temporal bone and occipital bone

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31
Q

which bone is the hypoglossal canal part of

A

occipital bone

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32
Q

what structures pass through the jugular foramen

A

CNIX, CNX, CNXI, internal jugular vein

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33
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNI leave the skull

A

anterior cranial fossa

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34
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNII leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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35
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNIII leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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36
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNIV leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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37
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNV1 leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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38
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNV2 leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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39
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNV3 leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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40
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNVI leave the skull

A

middle cranial fossa

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41
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNVII leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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42
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNVIII leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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43
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNIX leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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44
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNX leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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45
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNXI leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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46
Q

through which cranial fossa does CNXII leave the skull

A

posterior cranial fossa

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47
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNI

A

special sensory and sensory

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48
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNII

A

special sensory

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49
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNIII

A

motor

50
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNIV

A

motor

51
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNV1

A

sensory

52
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNV2

A

sensory, parasympathetic

53
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNV3

A

sensory, motor

54
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNVI

A

motor

55
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNVII

A

special sensory, sensory, parasympathetic, motor

56
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNVIII

A

special sensory

57
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNIX

A

sensory, motor, parasympathetic

58
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNX

A

sensory, motor, parasympathetic, special sensory

59
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNXI

A

motor

60
Q

what are the axon modalities of CNXII

A

motor

61
Q

what is innervated by CNI

A

olfactory mucosa receptor cells on roof of nasal cavity

62
Q

what is innervated by CNII

A

eye for vision

63
Q

what is innervated by CNIII

A

extraocular muscles except lateral rectus and superior oblique
and
parasympathetics of ciliary ganglion

64
Q

what is innervated by CNIV

A

superior oblique extraocular muscle

65
Q

what is innervated by CNV1

A

sensory of forehead, upper eyelid, cornea, conjunctiva, bridge/apex of nose, sinuses except maxillary, anterior and posterior cranial fossae

66
Q

what is innervated by CNV2

A

sensory of nasal cavities, ala of nose, middle of face (lower eyelid to upper lip), and maxillary sinuses

67
Q

what is innervated by CNV3

A

motor: muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid) + TMJ
sensory: chin / side of face, sensory anterior 2/3 tongue, sensory to teeth, sensory to parotid, maxillary sinus, floor for nasal cavity, middle cranial fossa, buccal mucosa

68
Q

what is innervated by CNVI

A

lateral rectus extraocular muscle

69
Q

what is innervated by CNVII

A 
muscles of facial expression
taste of anterior 2/3 tongue
parasympathetic to sublingual and submandibular salivary glands, lacrimal gland, parasympa to sinuses
motor stapedius muscle
efferent corneal reflex
sensory to helix/concha of ear, and...
70
Q

what is innervated by CNVIII

A

internal ear for hearing and balance

71
Q

what is innervated by CNIX

A

motor to stylopharyngeus
sensation nasopharynx, oropharynx, eustachian tube, middle ear cavity, palatine tonsil
visceral afferent to carotid sinus
parasympathetic to parotid salivary gland
taste and sensation of poster 1/3 tongue (vallate papillae)

72
Q

what is innervated by CNX

A

sensory from inferior phaynx/larynx/thoracic/abdo organs, motor to soft palate/palatoglossus, parasympathetic to thoracic/abdo organs, special sensory taste to epiglottis

73
Q

what is innervated by CNXI

A

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius motor

74
Q

what is innervated by CNXII

A

motor to styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus and intrinsci muscles of the tongue

75
Q

which of the cranial nerves are parasympathetic

A

III, VII, IX, X

76
Q

what nerves form the chorda tympani

A

CN7, CNV3

77
Q

what is the function of the chorda tympani

A

anterior 2/3 tongue taste

78
Q

where does CNI attach to the CNS

A

olfactory tract

79
Q

where does CNII attach to the CNS

A

diencephalon

80
Q

where does CNIII attach to the CNS

A

midbrain mesencephalon

81
Q

where does CNIV attach to the CNS

A

midbrain mesencephalon

82
Q

where does CNV attach to the CNS

A

pons (between midbrain and medulla)

83
Q

where does CNVI attach to the CNS

A

pontomedullary junction

84
Q

where does CNVII attach to the CNS

A

pontomedullary junction

85
Q

where does CNVIII attach to the CNS

A

pontomedullary junction

86
Q

where does CNIX attach to the CNS

A

medulla

87
Q

where does CNX attach to the CNS

A

medulla

88
Q

where does CNXI attach to the CNS

A

cervical spinal cord

89
Q

where does CNXII attach to the CNS

A

via rootlets lateral to pyramids of medulla

90
Q

insert extracranial path of vagus

A 
runs within carotid sheath
right CNX on lateral aspect of trachea
left CNX on lateral aspect of aortic arch
left arch of aorta
right under right subclavian artery 
then becomes recurrent laryngeal nerve to supply larynx
through diaphragm with oesophagus
pass onto surface of stomach
then branches
91
Q

what direction to CNXII travel in intracranially

A

anteriorly

92
Q

what is the extracranial path of CNXII

A

descends lateral to carotid sheath, at hyoid level moves anteriorly to lateral tongue. is lateral to the loop of the lingual artery

93
Q

name a branch of CNV3

A

auricotemporal branch

94
Q

how do you clinically test CN I

A

Ask patient to smell a familiar smell while covering the contralateral nostril

95
Q

how do you clinically test CN II

A 
Snellen 
Ishihara plates 
Visual fields 
Pupillary light reflex
Fundoscopy
96
Q

how do you clinically test CN III

A

H test

97
Q

how do you clinically test CN IV

A

H test

98
Q

how do you clinically test CN V1

A

sensation on forehead, upper eyelid and tip of nose

99
Q

how do you clinically test CN V2

A

sensation of mid-cheek, lower eyelid, upper lip and nostril

100
Q

how do you clinically test CN V3

A

sensory: sensation of mid cheek, lower lip and chin
motor: palpate while clenching teeth, open jaw against resistance

101
Q

how do you clinically test CN VI

A

H test

102
Q

how do you clinically test CN VII

A

raise eyebrows
close eyes tightly
smile
puff out cheeks and hold air

103
Q

how do you clinically test CN VIII

A

Rinnie and Weber tests

104
Q

how do you clinically test CN IX

A

test sensory by eliciting gag reflex

105
Q

how do you clinically test CN X

A

say ‘ahhhh’, in unilateral damage uvula goes away from damaged side
speech for hoarseness testing laryngeal muscles
swallow sip of water for splutter testing pharyngeal muscles

106
Q

how do you clinically test CN XI

A

Shrug shoulders

Turn head to flex neck and turn towards the opposite side

107
Q

how do you clinically test CN XII

A

Stick out tongue

If damage points towards side of damage

108
Q

where does the olfactory nerve synapse

A

olfactory bulb

109
Q

where is the intracranial path of the optic tract

A

around the pituitary stalk

110
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN III

A

lateral wall of the cavernous sinus

111
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN IV

A

lateral wall of cavernous sinuses

112
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN V

A

Inferior to the edge of the tentorium cerebelli between the posterior and middle cranial fossae

113
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN VI

A

within cavernous sinus

114
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN VII

A

directly into internal acoustic meatus

115
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN VIII

A

posteromedially from the internal acoustic meatus to the pontomedullary junction

116
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN IX

A

directly towards jugular foramen

117
Q

where is the intracranial path of CN X

A

directly towards jugular foramen

118
Q

where is the extracranial path of CN XI

A

on surface of SCM

119
Q

where is the extracranial path of CN XII

A

Descends lateral to carotid sheath.

At the level of the hyoid turns anteriorly towards lateral aspect of tongue

120
Q

where is the extracranial path of CN XII

A

Descends lateral to carotid sheath.

At the level of the hyoid turns anteriorly towards lateral aspect of tongue

Y2 ENT (12 decks)

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