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MTLBE > FINALS rebyuwer > Flashcards

FINALS rebyuwer Flashcards

1
Q

Includes cultural mannerisms, religion, politics, laws, and social aspirations of a group of people

A

ETHOS

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2
Q
  • able to distinguish between good and evil, right or wrong, moral or immoral.
  • obligation to do what is good
    and to avoid what is evil.
  • his actions, expecting reward or
    punishments for them.
A

ETHOS OF MAN AS MAN

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3
Q
  • science of the morality of human acts
  • study of human motivation
A

ETHICS

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4
Q

Concerns the morality of human acts

A

Motives

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5
Q

Deals with deliberate and
free human activity and how one should act.

A

Human Conduct

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6
Q
  • knowingly and freely
  • deliberate or intentional actions or
    voluntary actions
  • “acts of man”
    which are instinctive and involuntary
A

HUMAN ACTS

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7
Q

when they agree with the dictates of reason.

A

Good

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8
Q

when they do not agree with the dictates of divine and human reason

A

Evil

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9
Q

quality of human acts by which they are constituted as good, bad, or indifferent.

A

MORALITY

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10
Q

Human acts reveal the thoughts and inclinations of a person doing them.

A

NORM OF MORALITY

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11
Q

A person who has the habit or inclination to do
good is said to be

A

virtuous

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12
Q

one who has the habit of doing wrong is

A

vicious

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13
Q

WHAT IS HUMAN REASON?

A

acts in a word of conscience

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14
Q

The Eternal Law

A

Divine Reason

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15
Q

The Conscience

A

Human Reason

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16
Q

then doing of an act which is contrary to good
conscience

A

Immorality

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17
Q

everything which is done contrary to justice, or
good morals.

A

MORAL TURPITUDE

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18
Q

“the conduct, which is willful, flagrant (blatant,
unashamed or shameless)

A

IMMORAL CONDUCT

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19
Q

what a person really is, and not what he
or other people think he is.

  • not a subjective term, but one which
    corresponds to objective reality
A

Moral character

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20
Q
  • If there are no sets of governing rules to limit the parameter and tame the exercise of the profession.

What do you think
will happen?

A
  • Anarchic (lawless, chaotic, disordered
  • Riotous (violent)
  • Lawbreaking
  • Defiant or disobedient (insolent)
  • Aggressive (hostile or antagonistic)
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21
Q

1992 Code of Ethics of Medical Technologist under the Presidency of

A

Mrs. Marilyn Atienza

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22
Q

Revised Medical Technology Code of Ethics of March 07, 1997, under the presidency of

A

Norma N. Chang

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23
Q

branch of moral science that treats the duties a
medical technologist owes to his patient, his colleagues in the profession and in the public

A

MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY ETHICS

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24
Q

“healing” but also “holiness and
wholeness.”
- denotes completeness

A

HEALTH

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25
Q

Defined in terms of standard physiological parameters.

A

HEALTH IN MEDICINE

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26
Q

Health is better as

  • At the biological and physiological levels, social and spiritual needs
A

optional functioning.

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27
Q

State of complete physical, mental, and social
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

Health

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28
Q

Illness, Sickness, Complaint

A

Subjective terms

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29
Q

Disease, Malady, ailment disorder

A

Objective terms

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30
Q

diseases as separate entities

  • devils, contagious, morbid matters, bacteria, genetic diseases, neuroses, psychoses
A

ONTOLOGICAL

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31
Q
  • breakdown of the internal harmony
  • hyperfunctioning or hypofunctioning of an organ.
A

PHYSIOLOGICAL

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32
Q

Branch of ethics which deals directly with the problems of life and dying, of health and healing.

A

BIOETHICS

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33
Q

Division of Ethics that relates to human life as the Ethics of the life science and health care, both delivery and research.

  • more limited as it continues itself
    to the moral behavior in relation to health.
A

HEALTH ETHICS

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34
Q
  • division of Ethics that relates to professional behavior
  • practice of a profession cannot be regulated entirely by legislation.
A

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

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35
Q
  • the law is silent or inadequate.
A

CODE OF ETHICS

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36
Q

Indispensable knowledge.

A

Ethics

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37
Q

True measure of what man ought to be

A

MORAL INTEGRITY

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38
Q

“Forgetting that man’s greatness, perfection, and happiness, his whole meaning in fact, consist in transcending the commonly accepted human good.”

A

Jacques Leclercq

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39
Q
  • Foundation of every human society
  • standard of behavior.
A

MORALITY

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40
Q

As a Human Person, he must be respected regardlessof:

A

o Nature of Health
o Problem
o Social Status
o Competence
o Post Actions

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41
Q

The human being is not definable merely as a Static Entity. But rather a

A

Dynamic System of Needs

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42
Q

Actions man performs knowingly, freely, and
voluntarily or acts which proceed from the
deliberate free will of man

  • Man knows what he is doing and
    freely chooses to do what he does
A

HUMAN ACTS

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43
Q

o Actions which happen in man.
o They are Instinctive.
▪ Not within the control of the will.

A

ACTS OF MAN

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44
Q

What it is about and what it means.

Must be performed by a Conscious Agent

A

KNOWLEDGE

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45
Q

To do or to leave it undone without coercion or
constraint.

  • Implies Voluntariness.
A

FREEDOM

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46
Q
  • Must be performed by an agent Who Decides Willfully to Perform the Act.
A

WILLINGFULLNESS

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47
Q

Proximate Norm of Morality

Determine what ought to be done in a given
situation

“Trial of Oneself”

A

CONSCIENCE

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48
Q

A reproving conscience is called a

A

“Guilty Conscience.”

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49
Q

Judges what is good as good and what is evil
as evil

i. Tells that getting the property of
another without consent is stealing.
ii. Judges that we ought to pay our
debts

A

CORRECT OR TRUE CONSCIENCE

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50
Q

Judges incorrectly that what is good as evil
and what is evil is good

. It is an erroneous conscience which
tells the husband to have a mistress.

A

ERRONEOUS OR FALSE CONSCIENCE

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51
Q

KINDS OF ERRONEOUS CONSCIENCE

A

INCULPABLE CONSCIENCE and CULPABLE CONSCIENCE

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52
Q
  1. Error is not willfully
    intended.
  2. Ex: A person who is
    unaware of it, pays for the
    grocery with bogus money.
    a. Ignorance of the
    Fact.
A

INCULPABLE CONSCIENCE

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53
Q
  1. Error is due to neglect, or
    malice.
  2. Ex: A person who believes
    that cheating is good since it
    helps us pass the exam and
    everybody does it anyway
A

CULPABLE CONSCIENCE

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54
Q

→ Voluntary Error
a. Voluntary at the
part of the person

A

Culpable

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55
Q

→ Involuntary
Error
a. Honest Mistake

A

Inculpable

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56
Q

Subjective assurance of lawfulness or
unlawfulness of a certain act.
i. Implies that the person is sure of his
decision.
ii. Ex: It is possible for a policeman to
be sure that killing the suspect is the
best alternative under the principle of
self-defense, whereas such killing is
in fact unnecessary

A

CERTAIN CONSCIENCE

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57
Q

a. Vacillating Conscience.
b. Unable to form a definite on a certain action.
c. Must first be allowed to settle its doubts before an action is performed.

A

DOUBTFUL CONSCIENCE

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58
Q

a. Rigorous Conscience
b. Extremely afraid of committing evil.

A

SCRUPULOUS CONSCIENCE

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59
Q

a. Refuses to be bothered about the distinction
of good and evil.
b. Justify the impulse of “bahala na.”
i. On matters of morals are acting with
a lax conscience.

A

LAX CONSCIENCE

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60
Q

Used for any prestigious occupation.
o Has an aura of an ideal

  • Symbol rather than a reality
A

PROFESSION

61
Q

explains the profession in terms of
social value

A

Robert Merton

62
Q

Robert Merton explains the profession in terms of social value

A
  • Knowing
  • Doing
  • Helping
63
Q

Value placed upon systematic knowledge and intellect.

A

Knowing

64
Q

The value placed upon technical skills and trained capacity

A

Doing

65
Q

Helping placed upon putting his
conjoint knowledge and skill to word
in the service of others.

A

Value

66
Q

use a scale to define professionals based on 6 operational attributes.

A

Moore & Rosenblum

67
Q
  • Obligation to provide healthcare
  • Limitations to healthcare provision
A

HEALTHCARE PROVISION

68
Q

o He admits that he is sick.
o He can no longer take care of himself and so
he asks for help or aid

A

sick individual becomes a patient

69
Q

o Must be a Patient Advocate.
- committed to healthcare
- Keep the patient’s best interest as his
first priority.

A

HEALTHCARE PROVIDER

70
Q

▪ Contribute Knowledge.
▪ Conduct himself in an ethical
professional way.
▪ Be worthy of being a role model to
his younger colleagues.
▪ Must maintain and upgrade the
standards of his profession.

A

As an Authority:

71
Q

▪ Stand for Justice for the poor.
▪ Make healthcare available at a
reasonable cost.
▪ Avoid the temptation to exploit or
take advantage of the patient.
▪ Always care about human values

A

Manifest a Social Conscience

72
Q

interaction between two parties in which the law recognized a private, protected
relationship.

A

Privileged Communication

73
Q

Code of Ethics is promulgated to provide the medical technologist with proper ethical and professional standards

A

PREAMBLE

74
Q

1.Faithfulness
2.Conscientiousness
3.Politeness
4.Courtesy
5.Caring

A

VIRTUES

75
Q

violation of any section of the Code of Ethics
shall constitute unethical and unprofessional conduct, and shall therefore be a sufficient ground to reprimand, suspend, or revoke the Certificate of Registration

A

ARTICLE VI: PENAL PROVISIONS

76
Q

in consultation with the Accredited Professional
Organization (APO) and other stakeholders.

A

ARTICLE VII: AMENDMENTS

77
Q

Code of Ethics shall take effect after fifteen (15) days Following its publication in the Official Gazette or in any newspaper of general circulation

A

ARTICLE VIII: EFFECTIVITY

78
Q

Loyal, firm in adherence to promises or in observance of duty: conscientious

  • Faithfulness comes from a place of truth and loyalty
A

FAITHFULNESS

79
Q
  • Holding onto a belief system
  • Staying on the path of goodness
  • Patience
A

STEADFASTNESS

80
Q

personality trait of being careful, or diligent.
- desire to do a task well, and to
take obligations to others seriously.

A

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

81
Q

application of good manners or etiquette so
as not to offend others.

A

POLITENESS

82
Q

Showing a politeness in one’s attitude and behavior toward others

A

COURTESY

83
Q

deon - duty
primarily concerned with
adherence to certain rules or duties.

CONSEQUENCES DO NOT MATTER
- intention is relevant

A

DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICS

84
Q

way a person conducts himself/herself in
the workplace.

A

PROFESSIONALISM

85
Q
  • Reliability, Humility, Etiquette, Neatness, Consideration, Dedication, Organization, Accountability, Integrity, and
    Expertise
A

10 QUALITIES OF PROFESSIONAL PEOPLE

86
Q

able to be trusted to do what is expected
- means that results
are consistent.

A

RELIABILITY

87
Q

Results are consistent.

A

Validity

88
Q

outcomes are consistent

A

RELIABILITY

89
Q

measure exactly what you want them
to measure

A

VALIDITY

90
Q

belief that all people hold a special value that’s tied solely to their humanity

A

UPHOLDING HUMAN DIGNITY

91
Q

process of groups of organisms working or acting together for common

ARTICLE IV: SECTION 1 TO 3

A

COOPERATION

92
Q

must uphold public trust
and confidence

A

GOOD PRACTICE

93
Q

It is the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect

    • A sense of pride in oneself; self-respect
A

DIGNITY

94
Q
  • A feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
A

RESPECT

95
Q

description of random errors, a
measure of statistical variability.

A

precision

96
Q

“I shall commit myself to continuously improve my professional skills and knowledge”

A

CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

97
Q

The ability to notice and predict opportunities, problems, and
solutions

A

OBSERVATION

98
Q

The gathering, understanding, and interpreting of data and
other information

A

ANALYSIS

99
Q

Drawing conclusions based on relevant data information and
personal knowledge and experience

A

INFERENCE

100
Q

The process of gathering, analysis, and communicating
information to identify and troubleshoot solutions.

A

PROBLEM SOLVING

101
Q

it is about creating learning processes

A

Peter Senge

102
Q

exchange of skills, information, and expertise among a network or a group of people.

A

KNOWLEDGE SHARING

103
Q

national organization of all registered medical
technologists in the Philippines

A

PAMET

104
Q

(Recognized as the
father of PAMET)

A

Mr. Crisanto Almario

105
Q

FIRST PAMET PRESIDENT DURING ITS FIRST NATIONAL CONVENTION HELD AT THE FEU SEPT 20, 1964

A

Mr. Charlemagne Tamondong

106
Q

FIRST PAMET ELECTION

A

1964

107
Q

Act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood

A

FAIRNESS

107
Q

Act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood

A

FAIRNESS

108
Q
  • Intends to help recipient improve
  • Delivers considerately with a positive attitude
  • Focuses on a situation, behavior or issue
  • offers specific, actionable objective feedback
A

CONSTRUCTIVE CRITICISM

109
Q
  • Intends to insult or embarrass the recipient
  • Delivers inconsiderately with a negative attitude
  • Focuses on the individual or their personal attributes
  • Offers vague, nonactionable subjective feedback
A

DESTRUCTIVE CRITICISM

110
Q

morality that advocates actions that foster
happiness or pleasure

“Be dedicated to the use of Clinical Laboratory science to promote life and benefit mankind.”

A

UTILITARIANISM

111
Q

ethical principle of promoting good
- all choices for a patient are made
with the intent to do good.

A

BENIFICENCE

112
Q

avoid causing harm.

A

nonmaleficence

113
Q

Ethics is knowing the difference between what you have a right to do and what is right to do

A

Potter Stewart

114
Q

Ethics is a code of values which guide our choices and actions and determine the purpose and course of our lives

A

Ayn Rand

115
Q

philosophical discipline that deals with the study of the morality of human conduct

  • concerned with the ethical implications of
    medical practice e
A

BIOETHICS

116
Q

a steward has the
obligation to take good care and improve a thing or asset entrusted to him/her

A

STEWARDSHIP PRINCIPLE

117
Q

Means that the parts of the physical entity
- CLASSIC CRITERION in dealing with
concerns about mutilation, organ donation, and transplantation while preserving the sanctity

A

TOTALITY PRINCIPLE

118
Q
  • patients have a serious need that can only be
    satisfied by organ donation
  • f donation reduces “anatomical integrity, it should not diminish the functional integrity
  • donation as “an act of charity [to be]
    proportionate to the good resulting of the recipient.
  • “free and informed consent” by the donor
A

SUMMARY OF MORAL TEACHINGS

119
Q

it is permissible to cause harm as
a side effect (or double effect) of bringing about a good result

A

DOUBLE EFFECT PRINCIPLE

120
Q

differentiates the action
of the wrongdoer from the action of the cooperator.

A

PRINCIPLE OF COOPERATION

121
Q

does not intend the object
wrongdoer’s activity but
actively participating in the
deed by which the evil is
performed

A

MATERNAL COOPERATION

121
Q

willing participation on the part of
the cooperative agent in the sinful act of the principal agent

A

FORMAL COOPERATION

122
Q

self-rule or selfdetermination.

A

autonomy

123
Q

Requires that healthcare professional should do NO HARM.

A

PRINCIPLE OF NON-MALEFICENCE

123
Q

Requires that healthcare professional should do NO HARM.

A

PRINCIPLE OF NON-MALEFICENCE

124
Q

healthcare professionals SHOULD ACT
FAIRLY when the interests of different individuals or groups are in competition.

A

PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE

125
Q

balancing the competing interest of individual and groups against one
another

A

COMPARATIVE JUSTICE

126
Q

Fair distribution of healthcare services to all
* It is implemented by observing the first come, first serve policy in providing clinical laboratory services without distinction of their inherent interest

A

DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE

127
Q

that requires the application of ethical
principles for its resolution

A

ethical dispute

128
Q

demands for respect and protection of
life.

A

 PRO-LIFE

129
Q

– attempts to calibrate the extent of
respect and protection due to life.

A

PRO-CHOICE

130
Q

require the application of bioethical
principles to a certain ethical injury

A

Bioethical issues

131
Q

Primarily concerned with the interpretation or application of the law

A

Legal issues

132
Q

a. Abortion
b. Euthanasia and assisted suicide

A

DESTRUCTION OF LIFE

133
Q

a. Withholding life support
b. Organ Transplantation

A

SUSTAINING LIFE

134
Q
  • termination of pregnancy before the
    viability of the fetus
  • willful killing of the fetus in the
    uterus or violent removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from maternal
A

Abortion

135
Q

oNatural causes
oOvert acts
oPerformed for personal reasons (Elective abortion)
 Ethical conflict ensues that when a person
arrogates for autonomy in resulting to
abortion. However, elective abortion
practiced by a pregnant women or even her
parents, even if she consented is a forbidden
act in our country.
oTherapeutic abortion
 One of the main focus of ethical concerns.
 In therapeutic abortion, physicians are
confronted where there is an avoidable result
of a medical intervention.

A

Abortion may due to:

136
Q

One of the main focus of ethical concerns
- physicians are confronted where there is an avoidable result of a medical intervention.

A

Therapeutic abortion

137
Q

practice of painlessly putting death a person
SUFFERING FROM AN INCURABLE DISEASE

A

mercy killing

138
Q
  • speed up the process of dying.
  • introduces a chemical agent that results
    to an ultimate death of a dying patient.
  • It may be committed with or without the consent of the dying patient.

ALL PROHIBITED IN THE COUNTRY (ETHICAL AND LEGAL STANDPOINT).

A

ACTIVE EUTHANASIA

139
Q

no heretic measure taken to preserve life.
- They have the right to refuse.
- Without any waiver, a healthcare
practitioner may be liable for medical negligence.

A

PASSIVE EUTHANASIA

140
Q
  • Refers to the decision of the
    patient or his/her representative to refrain from giving permission for
    treatment or care
A

WITHHOLDING
TREATMENT

141
Q

Refers to the decision of the
patient or his/her
representative to discontinue
activities or remove forms
of patient care

A

WITHDRAWING
TREATMENT

142
Q

Form of surgery wherein one body part is
transferred from one site to another or from one individual to another.

A

Organ Transplantation

143
Q

tissue transplanted from one part of the body in the same
individual

A

AUTOGRAPH OR AUTOTRANSPLAN

144
Q

– transplant of an organ or tissue from one individual to another

A

ALLOGRAPH OR HOMOGRAPH

145
Q

refers to a surgical graph (surgery) of tissue from animals (non-human being) to humans.

A

XENOGRAPH OR HETEROGRAPHY

MTLBE (15 decks)

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