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history > finals: middle ages - age of exploration vocab > Flashcards

finals: middle ages - age of exploration vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

fief

A

granted land

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2
Q

vassal

A

the person receiving the fief

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3
Q

serfs

A

people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born

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4
Q

tithe

A

church tax

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5
Q

monasteries

A

religious communities built by the church

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6
Q

papacy

A

pope’s office

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7
Q

secular

A

worldly rather than spiritual

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8
Q

sagas

A

collection of stories about the lives of early nordic and germanic people

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9
Q

eddas

A

collection of myths, legends, and poetry about norse gods and their enemies

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10
Q

clergy

A

bishops and priests who fall under the pope’s authority

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11
Q

sacraments

A

important religious ceremonies

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12
Q

canon law

A

church law, code of conduct

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13
Q

holy roman empire

A

german-italian empire created by otto i

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14
Q

lay investiture

A

when kings and nobles appoint church officials

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15
Q

lombard league

A

alliance of merchants

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16
Q

interdict/excommunication

A

a sentence from the church forbidding someone from participating in church services (sacraments etc.)

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17
Q

feudalism

A

social system where the nobility held lands from the crown in exchange for military services

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18
Q

simony

A

the buying and selling of church positions

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19
Q

friars

A

traveled from place to place to preach and spread church’s ideas

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20
Q

vernacular

A

everyday language of homeland

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21
Q

common law

A

unified body of law formed by the rulings of england’s royal judges

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22
Q

renaissance

A

revival of art and learning

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23
Q

humanism

A

an intellectual movement that focuses on human potential and achievements

24
Q

patrons

A

people who spend huge amounts of money on art, supports artists

25
Q

perspective

A

creates the appearance of three dimensions

26
Q

utopia

A

an ideal place, no place (greek)

27
Q

reform

A

a change for the better

28
Q

catholic

A

universal, recognizing the pope as the head of the church

29
Q

christian

A

someone who believes that jesus was christ; the savior of humanity and the son of god

30
Q

protestant

A

a christian who belongs to the branch of the christian church that separated from the catholic church in the sixteenth century

31
Q

papal bull

A

documents issued by the pope

32
Q

laypeople

A

people who participate in the church

33
Q

huguenots

A

french calvinists

34
Q

theocracy

A

a government controlled by religious leaders

35
Q

seminaries

A

educated church officials on church doctrines

36
Q

anabaptists

A

believed that people should be re-baptized as adults

37
Q

frescoes

A

method of painting, wet plaster on wall or ceiling

38
Q

tikal

A

a major center in northern guatemala

39
Q

glyphs

A

hieroglyphs symbols

40
Q

codex

A

a book of recordings from the maya

41
Q

adobe

A

sun-dried bricks

42
Q

chinampa

A

floating gardens

43
Q

qullqa

A

storage building mainly for food

44
Q

quipu

A

knotted cords used by the incas to record numbers

45
Q

chasqui

A

messengers who ran along the road system of the inca to spread mail

46
Q

ayllu

A

age-old form of community cooperation, extended family group that undertook tasks too big for a single family

47
Q

trepanation

A

drilling hole into skull

48
Q

antiseptics

A

antimicrobial substance used to destroy germs causing disease

49
Q

astrolabe

A

an instrument used for astronomical measurements and for navigation

50
Q

cartographer

A

a person who draws or produces maps

51
Q

compass

A

a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation

52
Q

slave trade

A

the buying and selling of africans for work in the americas

53
Q

triangular trade

A

trading network, eurpean goods → africa, slaves → west indies, goods from west indies → europe

54
Q

capitalism

A

a economic system based on private owner-ship and the investment of resources for profits

55
Q

mercantilism

A

belief that a country’s power came from it wealth

history (15 decks)

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