age of exploration

Question 1

astrolabe

Answer 1

an instrument used for astronomical measurements and for navigation

Question 2

cartographer

Answer 2

a person who draws or produces maps

Question 3

compass

Answer 3

a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation

Question 4

technological advances

Answer 4

• the carvel
  
  • sturdier than earlier vessels
• triangular sails
  
  • could sail more easily against wind
• maps
• compass
• astrolade
• weapons

Question 5

columbus’s voyage

Answer 5

• italian sea captian, sailed for spain
• wanted to find a route to asia
  
  • items would be cheaper
• reached island of the caribean, but thought it was the east indes
  
  • increase tensions between spain and portugal
  • european colonization

Question 6

treaty of tordesillas

Answer 6

• pope alexzander vi (borgia pope) suggested an imaginary dividing line
• line of demarcation
  
  • lands to the west would be spain’s
  • lands to the east would be portugal’s
• spain benefitted, because they had access to newly discovered land

Question 7

indian ocean trade

Answer 7

• portugal proves they can travel to india
  
  • took control of the spice trade from muslim merchants
• spain set up trading posts in asia, because they wanted what the portuguese had established
• both england and dutch formed an east india company to establish and direct trade throughout asia
• the dutch eventually drove out the english because their east india company was richer and more powerful
  
  • dutch dominated because of their navy

Question 8

prince henry the navigator

Answer 8

• established the school of navigation
• captains, scientists, ship builders, instrument makers, and cartographers taught sailors
• designed ships
• send explorers to africa

Question 9

alvise de cadamosto

Answer 9

• sailed south along the coast of west africa, as far as the gambie river (senegal)

Question 10

bartolomeu dias

Answer 10

• cape of storms, proved there was a route to india by tracking and reaching the southern tip of south africa
• renamed to cape of good hope

Question 11

vasco da gama

Answer 11

• makes it to india
• led a convey of four ships from libson, portugal
• traveled to mozambique, malindi, and calicut
• india does not want the spread of christianity

Question 12

amerigo vespucci

Answer 12

• also sailed for spain
• explored the new world along the coast of south america
• first to realize it was not india, but a new world
• german cartographer puts his name on the map

Question 13

pedro alvares cabral

Answer 13

• claimed brazil

Question 14

admiral alfonso de albuquerque

Answer 14

• became the governor/viceroy of india
• controlled trade in the east indes

Question 15

hierarchy of spanish settlements and people in the new world

Answer 15

1. peninsulares (spaniards born in spain)
2. creoles (spaniards born in new world)
3. mestizos (native and spanish mix, african and spanish mix)
4. slaves

Question 16

christopher columbus

Answer 16

• enterprise of the indies
• landed on a island of san salvador thinking it was india
• sailed to caribbean in hopes of reaching india
• total of four voyages

Question 17

vasco nunez de balboa

Answer 17

• crossed the isthmus of panana and became the first european to see the great south sea (pacific ocean)
• first spanish settlement on mainland

Question 18

juan ponce de leon

Answer 18

• sailed north from the island puerto rico and discovered florida seeking fountain of youth
• established claims for spain in florida

Question 19

ferdinand magellan

Answer 19

• gets credit to be the first to circumnavigate the world
• died in philippines
  
  • his crew continued the journey
• named the pacific ocean

Question 20

sebastian del cano

Answer 20

• finishes magellan’s voyage

Question 21

hernado cortes

Answer 21

• invaded mexico and conquered aztecs

Question 22

panfilo de narvaez

Answer 22

• escorted las cacas
• landed on florida, continued to the gulf coast of asia

Question 23

pizzaro

Answer 23

• conquered the incas
• built lima (the city of kings)

Question 24

hernado de soto

Answer 24

• sailed from puerto rico to florida and explored westward to the mississippi river

Question 25

francisco coronado

Answer 25

• led army over land from mexico into present day southwestern states
• may have discovered grand canyon

Question 26

cabrillo

Answer 26

• explored from mexico, the pacific ocean, and up to san francisco

Question 27

new france

Answer 27

• northwest passage to pacific for trade
• first permanent settlement in quebec
• convert natives to christianity

Question 28

jamestown

Answer 28

• england’s first permanent settlement in north america
• settlement is named in honor of their king
• in search for gold
• tobacco became a cash crop`

Question 29

plymouth

Answer 29

• pilgrims founded the second english colony
• sought religious freedom because they were persecuted for their beliefs in england

Question 30

new netherlands

Answer 30

• new york
• established fur trade

Question 31

giovanni da verrazzano

Answer 31

• sailed the atlantic coast from north carolina to new york harbor seeking passage to pacific

Question 32

jacques cartier

Answer 32

• established claims in eastern canada
• sailed the saint lawrence river to present day montreal

Question 33

samuel de champlain

Answer 33

• founded the first permanent colony in the new world at quebec
• lake is named after him

Question 34

jacques marquette and louis joliet

Answer 34

• joliet (trader, explorer)
• marquette (preist)
• explored the great lakes and upper mississippi river

Question 35

robert de la salle

Answer 35

• claimed the mississippi river valley and called it louisiana in honor of king louis xiv (fourteenth)

Question 36

john cabot

Answer 36

• established claims in new england, newfoundland, and nova scotia for england
• search for northwest passage

Question 37

martin frobisher

Answer 37

• pirate
• sailed through iceberg off the coast of greenland, labrador, and baffin island
• bay is named after him in canada

Question 38

francis drake

Answer 38

• pirate, spanish armada, stole gold from spain’s ships
• sailed through the strait of magellan to the coast of western united states
• circumnavigated the world