age of exploration Flashcards
1
Q
astrolabe
A
an instrument used for astronomical measurements and for navigation
2
Q
cartographer
A
a person who draws or produces maps
3
Q
compass
A
a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation
4
Q
technological advances
A
- the carvel
- sturdier than earlier vessels
- triangular sails
- could sail more easily against wind
- maps
- compass
- astrolade
- weapons
5
Q
columbus’s voyage
A
- italian sea captian, sailed for spain
- wanted to find a route to asia
- items would be cheaper
- reached island of the caribean, but thought it was the east indes
- increase tensions between spain and portugal
- european colonization
6
Q
treaty of tordesillas
A
- pope alexzander vi (borgia pope) suggested an imaginary dividing line
- line of demarcation
- lands to the west would be spain’s
- lands to the east would be portugal’s
- spain benefitted, because they had access to newly discovered land
7
Q
indian ocean trade
A
- portugal proves they can travel to india
- took control of the spice trade from muslim merchants
- spain set up trading posts in asia, because they wanted what the portuguese had established
- both england and dutch formed an east india company to establish and direct trade throughout asia
- the dutch eventually drove out the english because their east india company was richer and more powerful
- dutch dominated because of their navy
8
Q
prince henry the navigator
A
- established the school of navigation
- captains, scientists, ship builders, instrument makers, and cartographers taught sailors
- designed ships
- send explorers to africa
9
Q
alvise de cadamosto
A
- sailed south along the coast of west africa, as far as the gambie river (senegal)
10
Q
bartolomeu dias
A
- cape of storms, proved there was a route to india by tracking and reaching the southern tip of south africa
- renamed to cape of good hope
11
Q
vasco da gama
A
- makes it to india
- led a convey of four ships from libson, portugal
- traveled to mozambique, malindi, and calicut
- india does not want the spread of christianity
12
Q
amerigo vespucci
A
- also sailed for spain
- explored the new world along the coast of south america
- first to realize it was not india, but a new world
- german cartographer puts his name on the map
13
Q
pedro alvares cabral
A
- claimed brazil
14
Q
admiral alfonso de albuquerque
A
- became the governor/viceroy of india
- controlled trade in the east indes
15
Q
hierarchy of spanish settlements and people in the new world
A
- peninsulares (spaniards born in spain)
- creoles (spaniards born in new world)
- mestizos (native and spanish mix, african and spanish mix)
- slaves
16
Q
christopher columbus
A
- enterprise of the indies
- landed on a island of san salvador thinking it was india
- sailed to caribbean in hopes of reaching india
- total of four voyages
17
Q
vasco nunez de balboa
A
- crossed the isthmus of panana and became the first european to see the great south sea (pacific ocean)
- first spanish settlement on mainland
18
Q
juan ponce de leon
A
- sailed north from the island puerto rico and discovered florida seeking fountain of youth
- established claims for spain in florida
19
Q
ferdinand magellan
A
- gets credit to be the first to circumnavigate the world
- died in philippines
- his crew continued the journey
- named the pacific ocean
20
Q
sebastian del cano
A
- finishes magellan’s voyage
21
Q
hernado cortes
A
- invaded mexico and conquered aztecs
22
Q
panfilo de narvaez
A
- escorted las cacas
- landed on florida, continued to the gulf coast of asia
23
Q
pizzaro
A
- conquered the incas
- built lima (the city of kings)
24
Q
hernado de soto
A
- sailed from puerto rico to florida and explored westward to the mississippi river
25
Q
francisco coronado
A
- led army over land from mexico into present day southwestern states
- may have discovered grand canyon
26
Q
cabrillo
A
- explored from mexico, the pacific ocean, and up to san francisco
27
Q
new france
A
- northwest passage to pacific for trade
- first permanent settlement in quebec
- convert natives to christianity
28
Q
jamestown
A
- england’s first permanent settlement in north america
- settlement is named in honor of their king
- in search for gold
- tobacco became a cash crop`
29
Q
plymouth
A
- pilgrims founded the second english colony
- sought religious freedom because they were persecuted for their beliefs in england
30
Q
new netherlands
A
- new york
- established fur trade
31
Q
giovanni da verrazzano
A
- sailed the atlantic coast from north carolina to new york harbor seeking passage to pacific
32
Q
jacques cartier
A
- established claims in eastern canada
- sailed the saint lawrence river to present day montreal
33
Q
samuel de champlain
A
- founded the first permanent colony in the new world at quebec
- lake is named after him
34
Q
jacques marquette and louis joliet
A
- joliet (trader, explorer)
- marquette (preist)
- explored the great lakes and upper mississippi river
35
Q
robert de la salle
A
- claimed the mississippi river valley and called it louisiana in honor of king louis xiv (fourteenth)
36
Q
john cabot
A
- established claims in new england, newfoundland, and nova scotia for england
- search for northwest passage
37
Q
martin frobisher
A
- pirate
- sailed through iceberg off the coast of greenland, labrador, and baffin island
- bay is named after him in canada
38
Q
francis drake
A
- pirate, spanish armada, stole gold from spain’s ships
- sailed through the strait of magellan to the coast of western united states
- circumnavigated the world
39
Q
A
