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FINALS > FINALS GZOO: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

FINALS GZOO: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

set of organs forming the outermost layer of body.
* Skin and Appendages, hair, nails
* Acts as physical & protective barrier to external and internal
environment

A

Integumentary
System

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2
Q
  • few millimeters thick
  • Largest organ in the body.
A

Skin

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3
Q
  • Hair
  • Nails
A

Human exoskeleton

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4
Q

Skin (principal parts)

A
  • Epidermis (Epithelial Tissue)
  • Dermis (Connective tissues)
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5
Q

(Epidermis)
- outermost layer of the epidermis

A

o Stratum corneum

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6
Q
  • comes from the Latin for “clear layer,”
  • reduce friction between the stratum
A

Stratum lucidum

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7
Q
  • granular layer
  • a thin layer of cells above the stratum
    spinosum and below the stratum corneum
  • waterproof barrier
A

Stratum granulosum

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8
Q
  • Connective tissue / thick layer
  • In frog:
    ______________ - loose network of connective
    tissue
    ______________ – dense layer,
  • specialized dermal elements such as
    chromatophores scales, and fin rays.
A

Dermis

Stratum laxum or spongiosum

Stratum compactum

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9
Q

Group of specialized cells
* selectively removes, concentrates/ alters materials from the
blood, then secretes them for further use or elimination from
the body

A

Gland

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9
Q

types of glands

______________ - Salivary, mucous, lachrymal, pancreatic, ceruminous glands i.e sweat glands, and mammary glands. gland that makes substances such as sweat, tears, saliva, milk, and digestive juices, and releases them through a duct or opening to a body surface.

______________ - Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pineal gland, thymus gland, etc. release hormones into the bloodstream. This lets the hormones travel to cells in other parts of the body. The endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism , and reproduction.

A
  • Exocrine glands
  • Endocrine glands
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10
Q

Types of gland
(method of secretion)

_________- Cell is intact. (Sweat gland - regulate body temp.) thermoregulation by cooling the skin, increase friction on the palms of the hands, and excrete waste products.

_________ - Gathers in the tip of the gland. open into the hair follicle, leading to the surface of the skin

_________ - Sebaceous gland (eyes - muta)/ Serumenous gland. Coming from the eyelashes - meiboniam gland. Eyelid- gland of zies. specific mode of secretion involving secretion of entire cytoplasmic materials with remnants of dead cells,

A
  • Merocrine Gland
  • Apocrine Gland
  • Holocrine Gland
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11
Q

Types of Glands
(structure)

A
  • Multicellular Gland
  • Unicellular Gland
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12
Q

Types of gland (type
of secretion)

_________ - thin, watery secretion. lubricates and reduces friction between organs and body cavities, and helps organs move against each other or the cavity wall

_________ - thick secretion. a lubricant to keep tissues from drying out

_________ - as is

A
  • Serous Gland
  • Mucus Gland
  • Oily Gland
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13
Q
  • specialized connective tissues cells that contain pigments
A

Chromatophores

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14
Q

three major
components of the
skin

A
  • Hypodermis
  • Dermis
  • Epidermis
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15
Q
  • deepest section of the skin.
  • Fat tissue (subcutaneous) below the dermis
  • Insulation (temp) and padding (shock absorption) for the
    body
  • store nutrients and energy
  • when aging, begins to atrophy, contributing to the thinning
    of aging skin
A

Hypodermis

16
Q
  • In between of hypodermis and epidermis
  • provides structure and resilience to the skin.
  • Protein collagen - most common structural component and
    a mesh-like framework that gives the skin strength and
    flexibility
  • Glycosaminoglycans - enable collagen fibers to retain water
    and provide moisture to the epidermis
A
  • Dermis (“corium or cortis”)
17
Q
  • outermost layer of the skin.
  • a protective shield for the body.
  • Categorized into five horizontal layers,
  • 50 cell layers (in thin areas) to 100 cell layers (in thick areas).
  • 0.1 millimeters, like thickness of one sheet of paper.
A
  • Epidermis
18
Q

________ - what goes beyond the skin. Reproduction of cells from the epidermis. Like feathers in birds, hair in humans, nailsetc..

A

Epidermal Outgrowth

19
Q
  • Growing layer
  • deepest layer of Epidermis. cell regeneration, cell division, melanin/keratin production. finger print formation.
  • separated from the dermis by the
    basement membrane, cells are cuboidal to columnar, mitotically
    active
A

Stratum germinativum

20
Q

(Chromatophores)

__________- brown/black
__________- red and yellow pigments
__________- red pigments
__________- yellow pigments

A

(Chromatophores)

Melanophores
Lipophores
Erythrophores
Xanthophores

21
Q

What about in fishes?
_____________- shiny, crystallised because of “guanin”
_____________- Luminous (fishes deep in the ocean)

A

Guanophores
Photophores

FINALS (15 decks)

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