FINALS GZOO: CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Flashcards
1
Q
- Located near the center of your chest
- Hollow structure
- About the size of your clenched fist
- Enclosed in a protective sac called the pericardium
- heart contracts about 72 times per minute
- Pumps about 70mL of blood with each contraction
o The right and left sides of the heart are separated by a septum,
or wall. - prevents the mixing of oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood
A
Heart
2
Q
_________________ - In the walls of the heart, two layers of tissue form a sandwich around a thick layer of muscle
- Contractions of the myocardium pump blood through the
circulatory system.
A
Myocardium
3
Q
Chambers of Heart
A
- On each side of the septum are two chambers.
- The upper chamber (receives blood) is the atrium.
- The lower chamber (pumps blood out of heart) is the ventricle.
- The heart has a total of 4 chambers:
- 2 atriums
- 2 ventricles
4
Q
- Flaps of connective tissue
- located between the atria and ventricles.
- Blood moving keeps the valves open.
- ventricles contract, the valves close which prevent blood from
flowing back into the atria - stop blood from re-entering the ventricles
- keeps blood moving in one direction
A
Valves
5
Q
- Each contraction begins with a group of cardiac muscle cells in
the right atrium known as the sinoatrial node (SA node also the
pace maker) - impulse spreads from the pacemaker to the rest of the atria
- From the atria, a signal is sent to the atrioventricular node (AV
node) and then to a bundle of fibers (Purkinje fibers) in the
ventricle - atrioventricular node (AV node) located above the opening of
coronary sinus - Purkinje Fibers lying in ventricular wall
A
Heart Beat
6
Q
- Large vessels
- Carry blood from heart to tissues of body
- Carry oxygen rich blood, with the exception of pulmonary
arteries. - Thick walls-need to withstand pressure produced when heart
pushes blood into them.
A
Arteries (Away sa
heart)
7
Q
- Smallest blood vessels
- Walls are only one cell thick and very narrow.
- Important for bringing nutrients and oxygen to tissues and
absorbing CO2 and other waste products
A
Capillaries
8
Q
- 3 types of blood vessels
A
- Arteries
- Capillaries
- Veins
9
Q
- Once blood has passed through the capillary systems it must be
returned to the heart. - Largest veins contain one-way valves that keep blood flowing
toward heart.
A
Veins (papuntang
heart)
10
Q
Other term Auricle
___________– 3 – 5x stronger, pulmonary circulation, only in the lungs itself
___________- 7-8x stronger, systematic circulation
(oxygenated), supplies blood to designated part of the body
A
Ventricle
- Right Ventricle
- Left ventricle
11
Q
- Precaval vein
- attached to right atrium
A
Anterior or Superior
vena cava
12
Q
A
13
Q
A
14
Q
- Postcaval vein
- Attached to right atrium
A
Posterior or Inferior
vena cava
15
Q
A