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Anatomy and Physiology > final review > Flashcards

final review Flashcards

1
Q

What is a cartilage that prevents foreign substances from entering trachea?

A

epiglottis

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2
Q

What cartilage has two lamina, a notch, prominence, superior and inferior cornu?

A

thyroid cartilage

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3
Q

Which portion of the tympanic membrane is likely to rupture?

A

pars tensa

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4
Q

What houses the organ of hearing?

A

Cochlea

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5
Q

What can you see through the tympanic membrane?

A

malleolar stria/manubrium of the malleus

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6
Q

What are likely laryngeal vestigial structures?

A

corniculate and cuneiform cartilages

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7
Q

What laryngeal muscle is paired and is a tensor, abductor and regulates pitch?

A

thyroarytenoid

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8
Q

What portion of the tympanic membrane has both fibers?

A

the second layer; concentric and radial fibers

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9
Q

what middle ear bone is connected to the vestibule?

A

stapes

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10
Q

Intrinsic muscles that abduct and adduct vocal folds?

A

adduct:
thyroarytenoid
lateral cricoarytenoid
interarytenoids

abduct:
posterior cricoarytenoid

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11
Q

What helps us balance?

A

Vestibule; semicircular canals

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12
Q

Vestibule dilates at the what?

A

junctions; ampulla

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13
Q

What is not continuous with semicircular canals?

A

is: cochlea and vestibule

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14
Q

What is critical to adduction of vocal folds and has oblique and transverse fibers?

A

arytenoid/ interarytenoid muscles

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15
Q

What is the movement of cilia cells called?

A

bending/shearing

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16
Q

What forms the floor of the Scala media?

A

Basilar membrane

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17
Q

What paired cartilages are pyramid shaped and sit atop the cricoid?

A

arytenoid cartilage

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18
Q

What does the footplate fit into?

A

oval window

19
Q

Planes of movement for semicircular canals cover how many?

A

3
forward-backward
side to side
rotation of head

20
Q

What is the color of the tympanic membrane and what can be seen if it is healthy?

A

pearl-grey

white reflection (cone of light)
manubrium of the malleus

21
Q

Another name for earwax

A

cerumen

22
Q

What muscle protects the ear from noise?

A

tensor tympani

23
Q

At what joint do the stapes and incus attach?

A

lenticular process

incudo-stapedial joint

24
Q

Where does the malleus attach to the apex?

A

umbo (cone of the tympanic membrane

25
Q

What are the landmarks of the incus?

A

body, short process, and long process. lenticular process

26
Q

What can be viewed through the tympanic membrane?

A

malleolar stria/manubrium of the malleus

27
Q

What cartilage is ring-shaped?

A

cricoid cartilage

28
Q

What is the external portion of the ear called?

A

pinna

29
Q

What allows blood and nerve supply to the ear?

A

modiolus

30
Q

What do you assess during oral peripheral exam?

A

face, lips, tongue, teeth, palate, cheek, kinesthetic awareness

31
Q

What is the fenestra vestibuli?

A

oval window

opening connecting middle ear to cochlea

32
Q

What is the gelatinous sac hinged at the vestibular lip of the spiral lamina?

A

tectorial membrane

33
Q

What is the opening between pharynx and tympanic cavities?

A

Eustachian tube

34
Q

What are the landmarks of the malleus?

A

head, neck, manubrium, anterior process, lateral process

35
Q

What is the primary organ of hearing?

A

Spiral Organ
Organ of Corti

36
Q

What is a glue-like infections draining?

A

glue ear
middle ear infection causing tympanic membrane to rupture and infection drain

37
Q

What is the highly vascular portion of the Scala media?

A

Stria Vascularis

38
Q

Mandibular elevators

A

massester
temporalis
internal pterygoid

39
Q

Mandibular depressors

A

digastrics
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
external pterygoid

40
Q

Describe sounds entering the ear and how it is transmitted from the outside

A

vibrations from from air are transmitted through the ossicular chain to the oval window causing fluid in inner ear to move

this moves the tectorial membrane, causing cilia to move=neural potentials in auditory nervous system

41
Q

Why are children more susceptible to ear infections due to Eustachian tube?

A

The eustachian tubes of children are more horizontal, preventing the proper drainage from occurring

42
Q

What are the biological functions of the larynx?

A

valve to prevent foreign substances, fixate thorax, expel substances

43
Q

What is the only bone in the larynx?

A

hyoid bone

44
Q

angle of pinna

A

30 degrees

if 10 degrees off, it is noticed by others

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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