Final Review

Question 1

What is Implicit and Explicit Memory? What are their alternate names?

Answer 1

Implicit: (non-declarative) - how to do something.
Explicit: (declarative) - know and are able to declare their memories.

Question 2

What is Iconic Memory?

Answer 2

Fleeting photographic memory (Sperling flashing + tone) - as soon as new info/stimuli enters, it is “over ridden”.

Question 3

What is Respondent Behaviour?

Answer 3

behaviour in response to a specific stimulus and is normally associated with conditioning

Question 4

What are the 7 sins of forgetting?

Answer 4

3 Sins of forgetting (Absent Mindedness, Transience, Blocking)
3 Sins of Distortion (Misattribution, Suggestibility, Bias)
1 Sin of Intrusion (Persistence)

Question 5

What are 3 elements of stimuli that are encoded automatically?

Answer 5

Space, Time, Frequency.

Also well learned info (word/meanings)

Question 6

2 Ways we Encode?

Answer 6

Automatic and Effortful

Question 7

3 ways we process information?

Answer 7

Semantic (meaning), Visually, Organization (i.e - Chunks and hierarchies)

Question 8

3 Ways we encode VERBAL information?

Answer 8

Acoustic, Visual, and Semantic

Question 9

What is Synaesthesia?

Answer 9

a neurological condition in which stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway

Question 10

What is Habituation?

Answer 10

decrease in responding with repeated stimulation. Novel stimulus gets attention when first presented. (used in experiments for understanding development)

Question 11

what is the peg-word system?

Answer 11

Like all mnemonic devices the Peg System uses visual imagery to provide a ‘hook’ or ‘peg’ from which to hang (associate) your memories.

Question 12

What are memory traces?

Answer 12

A neurological proof of memory.

A vividly imagined event can leave a memory trace in the brain that is very similar to that of an experienced event.

Question 13

What are mnemonic devices?

Answer 13

• Acoustic (rhyming, poems, catchy rhythms) or visual (a scene of image with objects in a “hierarchy” (spacial mnemonic strategies)

Question 14

what is “Theory of Mind”

Answer 14

people’s ideas about their own and other’s mental states - about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviours these might predict.

Question 15

What is Asperger’s syndrome?

Answer 15

A high functioning form of autism. Exceptional skill or talent in a specific area, but deficient social and communications skills.

Question 16

3 pervasive issues in developmental psych:

Answer 16

1. genes and experience
2. Gradual or continuous(process or series of discrete stages)
3. development is characterized by stability over time or by change.