Final Quiz Flashcards
The desire for news goes back to preliterate culture, people were most concerned about events that impacted:
Their daily lives
Newspapers did not begin until:
The 16th century
After __________ the audience and need for news was changing
The American Civil War
Hearst and Pulitzer saw a chance to develop newspapers with large circulations. They needed to avoid:
Obvious political partisanship
Growth of vastly circulating newspapers ushered in an:
era of big news
The dramatic decrease of audiences for big news was not Americans losing interest in being informed; Instead:
The shift in exposure to online news sources
Changes in the need for news
- Want more efficient access to news
2. People want a different kind of news
People prefer news stories that are:
Local
Digital media give people ___ access to news.
Quicker
A technique that journalists use to generate leads and information
Crowdsourcing
The closer an event is to us, the more we find it ___
Interesting
The ability to personalize new stories to satisfy the particular needs of each niche audience.
Hyper-local
Less than ___% of users scroll down to the end of a news article
10
Conceptualizes news as the daily flow of information from expert journalists to the general public for the purposes of educating the population so they can make well-informed choices in a democracy
Political Philosophy Perspective
Encapsulates what journalists believe to be the purpose and nature of news and presents this encapsulation as a template for what news should be
Professional Journalistic Perspective
Event has to be current to be considered news
Timeliness
The magnitude of the consequences of an event
Example: A shooting resulting in the death of 5 people is more newsworthy than 1 death
Significance
How close the event is to the news audience.
Example: A shooting that takes place in a news outlets hometown is more newsworthy
Proximity
How well-known people and institutions are in the event being considered as newsworthy.
Example: If the mayor of a town is shot
Prominence
The degree to which the parties in an event disagree
Conflict
How strongly the event would appeal to human emotions
Human Interest
The degree to which an event is out of the ordinary
Example: Man bites dog
Deviance
Focuses on how news organizations operate as businesses
Economic Perspective
What are two criticisms of the economic perspective
- guided by profit more than education
2. tends to change news content in a harmful way
Related to the economic perspective, it beings with the premise that news organizations are businesses that need to generate enough revenue to stay in business, so they must attract a large audience
Marketing Perspective
People seek out information that conforms to their existing belief systems and avoids information that challenges their beliefs
Selective Exposure
Implies a judgement that a person makes that there is something wrong with the news
Fake News
3 general principles of professionalism
Knowledge
Organization
Autonomy
A cognitive base and particular skills
Knowledge
How a profession may require membership of professional associations that legitimately represent the profession…how practitioners must be able to earn a living from engaging full time in their profession, and formal codes of ethics
Organization
How professionals are able to do their jobs with a great deal of individual discretion and that external influence over the work process itself should be nonexistent
Autonomy
4 principles of an ethical journalist
- Seek truth and report it
- Minimize harm
- Act independently
- Accountable and transparent
