Final - Preventing Drug Addiction

Question 1

Why won’t drugs ever disappear from society?

Answer 1

Because there will always be a market and people to supply them.

Question 2

What is the most effective way to address the drug problem?

Answer 2

Focusing on demand reduction.

Question 3

What was a flaw of anti-drug commercials from the 80s and 90s?

Answer 3

They often overstated drug effects and lost credibility.

Question 4

What is primary prevention?

Answer 4

Preventing substance use before it starts.

Question 5

What is secondary prevention?

Answer 5

Prevention of more extreme drug use in populations that are using drugs or have tried drugs

Question 6

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 6

The prevention of further drug use amongst recovering drug addicts.

Relapse prevention programs

Question 7

What is universal prevention?

Answer 7

Programs designed for everyone in a population.

Question 8

What is selective prevention?

Answer 8

Programs for high-risk groups.

Question 9

What is indicated prevention?

Answer 9

Programs for individuals showing early signs of problems.

Question 10

Why is youth a primary focus of prevention?

Answer 10

They are more prone to risk-taking and substance dependence often begins at 18.

Question 11

What is the Knowledge-Attitude-Behaviour Model?

Answer 11

Increased knowledge changes attitudes, leading to decreased drug use.

Question 12

What concern did critics have about early drug education?

Answer 12

That students were learning about drugs they wouldn’t have known otherwise.

Question 13

What is affective education?

Answer 13

Teaching students to express emotions and understand why they might use drugs in order to reduce drug use.

Question 14

What are three affective education strategies?

Answer 14

Values clarification, providing alternatives, and teaching personal and social skills.

Question 15

What does values clarification involve?

Answer 15

Helping students express and analyze their own values in order for them to make decisions reflective of their own morals.

Is often called values free

Question 16

Why teach alternatives to drugs?

Answer 16

To help youth find other ways to alter their state of consciousness.

Question 17

What are examples of alternatives to drugs?

Answer 17

Relaxation exercises, meditation, or sports.

Question 18

Why teach personal and social skills?

Answer 18

Because issues like poor communication and low school involvement contribute to drug use.

Question 19

What did the 1984 prevention program review find?

Answer 19

▪ Most programs don’t contain an appropriate evaluation component
▪ Few studies have demonstrated any success in terms of actual
substance abuse prevention
▪ Increased knowledge about drugs has virtually no impact on
substance abuse
▪ Affective education approaches appear too experiential and place
too little emphasis on skills necessary to resist pressure to use
drugs

Question 20

What was a problem with affective education approaches?

Answer 20

Too experiential and lacked resistance skills training.

Question 21

What is a drug-free school policy?

Answer 21

A policy that demonstrates no tolerance for drug or underage alcohol use.

Question 22

What are examples of drug-free school measures?

Answer 22

Locker searches and bans on tobacco use.

Question 23

What are refusal skills?

Answer 23

Skills taught to help students resist peer pressure.

Question 24

What is the Canadian Drug and Substance Strategy?

Answer 24

Consists of the four pillars: Prevention, treatment, harm reduction and enforcement

Question 25

Why is smoking useful for testing prevention programs?

Answer 25

It's measurable, widely agreed upon to prevent, and can be verified.

Question 26

What are the five elements of the Social Influence Model?

Answer 26

Refusal skills, public commitment, countering ads, normative education, teen leaders.

Question 27

What does countering advertising involve?

Answer 27

Educating youth to recognize and reject misleading drug ads.

Question 28

What is normative education?

Answer 28

Correcting the belief that 'everybody is doing it'.

Question 29

Why use teen leaders in prevention?

Answer 29

They act as role models and engage younger students.

Question 30

What is a criticism of the Social Influence Model?

Answer 30

It assumes teens are passive rather than making active choices.

Question 31

What is the ALERT Program?

Answer 31

A school program that reduced cannabis use and smoking. While it had no measurable effect on preventing smoking initiation among nonusers, it was effective for cigarette experimenters, who were more likely to quit or maintain low smoking levels.

Question 32

Who teaches the ALERT Program?

Answer 32

Health educators or teen leaders.

Question 33

What is the DARE program?

Answer 33

A prevention program taught by police, based on the social influence model. The 17-week curriculum includes refusal skills, teen leaders, public commitment, self-esteem building, alternatives to drug use, and decision-making.

Question 34

What did evaluations of DARE show?

Answer 34

Little to no long-term effect on drug use.

Question 35

What did students gain from DARE?

Answer 35

Improved self-esteem and knowledge, but limited behavior change.

Question 36

What is Life Skills Training?

Answer 36

A program that teaches resistance skills, social skills, and media literacy.

Question 37

What are the effects of Life Skills Training?

Answer 37

Significantly reduced use of cannabis, tobacco, and alcohol.

Question 38

What is a peer influence program?

Answer 38

Peer influence programs are based on the idea that adolescents’ behavior is strongly influenced by their peers. These programs use open discussions, where youth talk about topics such as drug use, dangers, and alternatives. The goal is to promote group cohesiveness, a sense of belonging, and communication skills, rather than directly targeting drug use.

Question 39

What is a peer participation program?

Answer 39

Involves high-risk youth in meaningful community activities.

Question 40

What is the goal of informational parent programs?

Answer 40

To teach drug facts and raise awareness of parental substance use.

Question 41

What do parenting skills programs focus on?

Answer 41

Communication, decision-making, limits, and saying no.

Question 42

What are parent support groups?

Answer 42

Groups that offer support, skill-building, and community planning.

Question 43

What are family interaction approaches?

Answer 43

Programs where families discuss and confront drug issues together.

Question 44

What is the Strengthening Families Program?

Answer 44

Targets families of users to improve communication and reduce substance use.

Question 45

What results has the Strengthening Families Program shown?

Answer 45

Reduced tobacco and alcohol use in children, improved parent behavior.

Question 46

What are goals of community prevention programs?

Answer 46

To implement local policy changes and unify efforts.

Question 47

Who can be involved in community prevention programs?

Answer 47

Schools, parents, city governments, faith groups, businesses, and media.

Question 48

What do workplace prevention programs aim to do?

Answer 48

Prevent substance use through policy rather than punishment.

Question 49

How is workplace prevention in the US different?

Answer 49

It often includes random urine drug testing.

Question 50

Why are Indigenous prevention programs needed?

Answer 50

Colonization led to high substance use rates in Indigenous populations.

Question 51

When did the National Native Alcohol and Drug Abuse Program begin?

Answer 51

As a pilot in the 1970s, permanent by the 1980s.

Question 52

What does NNADAP fund?

Answer 52

School programs, cultural events, public awareness.

Question 53

Why must drug prevention messages be credible?

Answer 53

To avoid losing trust and effectiveness.

Question 54

What population is most targeted by prevention programs?

Answer 54

Adolescents and young adults.

Question 55

What model underlies most modern school-based prevention?

Answer 55

The Social Influence Model.

Question 56

What role do community programs play in Indigenous support?

Answer 56

They strengthen culturally relevant prevention efforts.

Question 57

What kind of strategies does prevention include?

Answer 57

School, community, family, and media-based.

Question 58

Why might prevention fail if not credible?

Answer 58

Youth may ignore messages if they seem exaggerated or untrustworthy.

Question 59

What is one strength of the Life Skills Training program?

Answer 59

It includes self-management and general social skills.

Question 60

What kind of impact does prevention have when done correctly?

Answer 60

It can significantly delay or reduce substance use.

Question 61

What should alternatives to drug use be tailored to?

Answer 61

The specific needs and interests of the target audience.