Chapter 1 - Overview of Drug Use Flashcards
What is the definition of a drug?
Any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical nature alters structure or function in a living organism.
What is a psychoactive drug?
A drug that specifically affects thoughts, emotions, and behavior.
What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse?
Drug misuse: Using drugs in greater amounts than prescribed or for purposes other than intended.
Drug abuse: Substance use that causes social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems.
What is drug dependence?
A state in which an individual uses a drug so frequently or consistently that it would be difficult for the person to stop. It can be physiological or psychological.
What is drug tolerance?
When a person’s reaction to a drug decreases, so larger doses are required to achieve the same effect.
What are some symptoms of withdrawal?
Sweating, tremors, vomiting, anxiety, muscle aches, and insomnia.
What are the four principles of psychoactive drugs?
Drugs are not inherently good or bad.
Every drug has multiple effects.
The effects depend on the amount taken.
The effects depend on the individual’s history and expectations.
What is the most reliable way to measure drug use?
Surveys
What are the objectives of drug use surveys?
Determine prevalence, incidence, and patterns of drug use.
Measure personal and social harms associated with drug use.
Identify risk and protective factors.
Establish baseline data for evaluating treatment and prevention programs.
What are some examples of risk factors for drug use?
Having friends who use drugs.
Fighting or stealing.
Perceiving substance use as common at school.
Knowing adults who use drugs.
Having a positive attitude about drugs.
What are some examples of protective factors against drug use?
Perceiving strong sanctions against drug use at school.
Having supportive parents.
Being committed to school.
Being involved in religious activities.
Participating in 2+ extracurricular activities.
What are the four pillars of Canada’s Drug and Substance Strategy?
Prevention
Treatment
Harm Reduction
Enforcement
What is an example of harm reduction?
Providing clean needles to reduce the spread of diseases.
What has been the trend in adolescent drug use since 1977?
A gradual decrease in drug use among youth.
What is the main reason people think drug use occurs?
Availability of drugs.
What is the difference between incidence and prevalence in drug use?
Incidence: The number of new users.
Prevalence: The total number of people using drugs.
What is an antecedent of drug use?
A factor that occurs before the initiation of drug use, such as aggressiveness, conduct problems, or poor academic performance.
What are some correlates of drug use?
Gender, level of education, and personality variables.
What is the perception of harm related to drug use?
The less risky a substance is perceived to be, the more likely people are to use it.
What is the Canadian Postsecondary Education Alcohol and Drug Use Survey (CPADS)?
A survey conducted in 2021-2022 that collected data on substance use among 31,643 students aged 17-25 in Canada.
What were the most common drugs used by postsecondary students according to CPADS?
Alcohol and cannabis.
What percentage of students reported using an illegal drug in the past 12 months, according to CPADS?
12%.
What is the average number of drinks consumed by students on a typical drinking day, according to CPADS?
3.8 drinks.
What is the average number of drinks consumed by students on their heaviest drinking day, according to CPADS?
5.9 drinks.
