Final Exam - Digestive System (Part II) & Misc. Qs from Objectives Flashcards
What are the six major types of epithelial cells that line the intestine?
- enterocytes
- crypt epithelial cells (undifferentiated)
- goblet cells
- paneth cells
- enterochromaffin (neuroendocrine, argentaffin) cells
- microfold (M) cells
Even Cows Get Pussy Every Monday
These cells are tall and columnar with luminal microvilli; contain surface glycocalyx (houses the digestive and absorptive enzymes)
Enterocytes
These cells are progenitor cells that replace all of the other epithelial cell types; little or no digestive capability; have short, sparse microvilli
Undifferentiated crypt epithelial cells
What do we observe in this image?
Absorptive enterocytes
Identify the structures within the box.
Intestinal crypts
Identify the cells indicated by the arrows
Intestinal epithelial stem cells
These are present within the crypts thoughout the GI tract
These cells secrete mucus; present in villi and crypts; numbers tend to increase aborally throughout the length of the intestine
Goblet cells
Identify the cell
Goblet cell
Identify the cell indicated by the arrow
paneth cell
Where are enteroendocrine cells found primarily?
the crypts
What is the function of M-cells?
Uptake of protein and peptide antigens from the intestinal lumen and transport to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue
Portal of entry for some pathogens
Identify the cell indicated by the arrow
M cell
The small intestine has villi and intestinal glands also known as __________
Crypts of Lieberkühn
Identify ‘A’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
lamina propria
Identify ‘B’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
tall cylindrical villi
Identify ‘C’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
crypts
Identify ‘D’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
submucosa
Identify ‘E’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
muscularis: inner circular layer
Identify ‘F’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
muscularis: outer longitudinal layer
Identify ‘G’ in this H&E section of the jejunum
serosa
Identify the structures within the box in this H&E section of the submucosal region of the duodenum
Brunner’s glands (duodenal glands)
only present in the duodenum!
Identify the structures within the box.
Where are they found?
peyer’s patches (lymphoid aggregates)
Found in the Ileum
Identify ‘A’ in this H&E section of the jejunum.
villus
Identify ‘B’ in this H&E section of the jejunum.
submucosa
Identify ‘C’ in this H&E section of the jejunum.
muscularis externa
Identify ‘D’ in this H&E section of the jejunum.
crypts
Identify the tissue.
Jejunum
Identify the tissue.
How the hell do you know?
large intestine
there are no villi present, but the intestinal crypts are still present as they are in the small intestine.
Identify the tissue.
Canine colon
Identify the tissue.
colonic mucosa
Identify the layer labeled ‘A’ in this H&E section of the colonic mucosa.
mucosal layer
Identify the layer labeled ‘B’ in this H&E section of the colonic mucosa.
submucosal layer
Identify the layer labeled ‘C’ in this H&E section of the colonic mucosa.
muscularis mucosae
muscular layer
Identify ‘A’ in this H&E section of colonic mucosa
Crypt (of Lieberkühn)
Identify ‘B’ in this H&E section of colonic mucosa
muscular layer of mucosa
parietal cells produce _________
HCl and intrinsic factor necessary for B12 absorption
chief cells release ___________
pepsinogen
“The chief shared his pepsi”
Theses cells are cells found within Peyer’s patches; transport organisms and particles from the lumen to APCs and lymphocytes (T cells); important in mucosal immunity
M-cells
goblet cells produce _________
mucous
mandibular salivary glands secrete _________
mixed seromucous
sublingual salivary glands secrete _________
mucous or mixed seromucous
parotid salivary glands secrete _________
zymogen granulesin serous or mixed seromucous
