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Clinical Hygiene 220 > final exam > Flashcards

final exam Flashcards

1
Q

this class of clefting involves the cleft of the soft palate and hard palate that continues through the alveolar ridge on both sides leaving a free premaxilla usually associated with bilateral cleft lip

A

class 6

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2
Q

what causes clefting of the lip?

A

incomplete fusion of maxillary process and globular process

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3
Q

these are ready made, contoured arch bars that are adapted to fit accurately to each tooth and provide hooks for connecting the arches

A

arch bars

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4
Q

what diet is essential for promotion of healing?

A

protein and vitamins such as A, C, and riboflavin

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5
Q

what is open reduction used for?

A

the use of a surgical flap procedure to expose the fracture ends and bring them together for healing

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6
Q

what descriptive words are used to classify a fracture?

A

location, direction, nature and severity

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7
Q

this class of clefting involves the cleft of the soft palate and hard palate that continues through the alveolar ridge on one side of the premaxilla- usually associated with cleft lip of the same side

A

class 5

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8
Q

what is contraindicated with a patient that has xerostomia?

A

lemon and glycerin swabs

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9
Q

other than American dental association, what can ADA stand for?

A

Americans with disabilities act

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10
Q

what are predisposing causes of fractured jaws?

A

tumors, cysts, osteoporosis, or osteomyelitis

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11
Q

how many times a day should a caregiver clean the mouth of an unconscious patient?

A

three times

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12
Q

this cleft is a submucous cleft in which the muscle union is imperfect across the soft palate..the palate is short, the uvula is often bifid, a groove is situated at the midline of the soft palate and the closure to the pharynx is incompetent

A

class 7

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13
Q

how often should a patient be seen in office if they have a cleft?

A

every 3-4 months

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14
Q

when is final orthodontic treatment done on a patient with clefting?

A

during mixed dentition years or later

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15
Q

when is surgery preformed on cleft lip?

A

2-3 months of age…

child must be 10 wks of age, 10 lbs and achieved serum hemoglobin of 10 mg

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16
Q

who is cleft lip more common in?

A

males

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17
Q

a combination of two levels is also possible such as a right Le Fort 1 and a left Le Fort 2

A

Le Fort Combination

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18
Q

what are traumatic causes of fractured jaws?

A

domestic violence, gunshots, sporting injuries, falls, road traffic accidents and industrial accidents

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19
Q

what type of patients are contraindicated for IMF?

A

pt. with chronic airway diseases

pt who vomit regularly

pt. with mental illness

dietary problems

oral hygiene and dietary limitations lead to increased dental caries and perio infection

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20
Q

what are the types of mandibular fractures described by location?

A

alveolar process, condyle, angle, body, symphysis

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21
Q

this type of classification of clefting is a cleft of the tip of the uvula

A

class 1

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22
Q

who is cleft palate more common in?

A

females

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23
Q

how can you confirm appointments with deaf patients?

A

use the state telecommunication relay service to call a deaf patient directly with reminders

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24
Q

what are examples of risk factors that can cause clefting?

A

multifactorial genetic and environmental

1 in 500 births of Asians and native Americans

early in first trimester-
use oft tobacco
alcohol consumption
phenytoin, vitamin a, corticosteroids, drug abuse

maternal age >40 yrs

inadequate diet such as vitamins, esp. folic acid

lack of prenatal care and instruction

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25
Q

this type of fracture classification by nature has no communication with outside

A

simple

26
Q

this type of fracture classification by nature is shattered

A

comminuted

27
Q

this clefting class involves clefting of the soft palate and hard palate

A

class 4

28
Q

when a patient has a cleft palate, what are some things you want to insure?

A

biofilm removal, fluoride use

29
Q

when someone has had fixation, what type of diet is recommended?

A

liquid or soft diet

30
Q

this represents a failure of normal fusion of embryonic processes during development in the first trimester of pregnancy?

A

cleft lip and palate

31
Q

how early is orthodontic treatment started on a patient in with clefting?

A

as early as 3 yrs

32
Q

what are facial deformities involved with clefting?

A

depression of the nostril on the side with cleft lip

deficiency of upper lip which may be short or retroposed

over prominent lower lip

33
Q

how is legal blindness defined?

A

having central vision of no more than 20/200 in the better eye with glasses or having peripheral fields of no more than 20 diameter

34
Q

this is accomplished by applying wires or elastic bands between the maxillary and mandibular arches

A

intermaxillary fixation

35
Q

what clinical signs may be present with a fractured jaw?

A

pain upon movement

tenderness on slight pressure

displaced teeth, fractured or mobile

muscle spasm

crepitation

laceration, bleeding, discoloration (ecchymosis) and enlargement of soft tissue

36
Q

this type of fracture classification by nature is known as green stick, has one side of a bone broken and the other side bent

A

incomplete

37
Q

what mouth rinse should be used after oral surgery?

A

chlorhexadine 0.12% rinse or saline

38
Q

what are some oral manifestations of someone with a cleft palate?

A

malocclusion, poorly formed teeth and a mouth breather

39
Q

What is essential for building gingival tissue resistance?

A

a varied diet that includes adequate portions of all essential food groups

40
Q

the high level craniofacial fracture extends transversely across the bridge of the nose, across the orbits and the zygomatic arches, and across the pterygoid plates

A

Le Fort 3

41
Q

this type of fracture classification by nature has communication with outside

A

compound

42
Q

the midface fracture extends over the middle of the nose, down the medial wall of the orbits, across the infraorbital rims and posteriorly, across the pterygoid plates

A

Le Fort 2

43
Q

when does a cleft lip become apparent?

A

by the end of the second month in utero

44
Q

this type of fracture involves shattering bone

A

compound comminuted

45
Q

this is double vision, perception of two images of a single subject

A

diplopia

46
Q

when a patient has not been able to masticate properly, the patient may have frequently induced intake of?

A

soft and cariogenic foods, frequent and sugary snacks, intake of high sucrose and energy beverages

47
Q

this prohibits discrimination on the basis of a disability and requires public and commercial facilities to meet standards of accessibility by removing architectural, transportation and communication barriers

A

americans with disabilities act

48
Q

what types of systems are used for immobilization??

A

transosseous wiring

plates of various sizes

titanium mesh

bone clamps, staples and screws

49
Q

what methods of feeding are optional when someone has had fixation?

A

plastic straw, spoon feed, tube feed

50
Q

when can gingivitis develop?

A

9-19 days

51
Q

what weeks does the cleft palate and lip form during gestation?

A

lip- 4th and 8th week

palate- 6th and 12th week

52
Q

what is the healing time for a fracture?

A

6 weeks for mandibular

4-6 weeks maxillary

53
Q

when does a cleft palate become evident?

A

by the end of the third month

54
Q

what are the common missing teeth of someone with clefting?

A

maxillary lateral incisors, maxillary premolar, and mandibular second premolars

55
Q

this class of clefting involves a cleft of the soft palate

A

class 3

56
Q

this is placed before eruption of maxillary teeth at the cleft site… it creates a normal architecture through which the teeth can erupt

A

alveolar graft

57
Q

to control bleeding, what is something a patient could use?

A

bite on a tea bag firmly for 30 minutes

58
Q

this class of clefting is a cleft of the uvula (bifid uvula)

A

class 2

59
Q

what are children with cleft palates more susceptible to?

A

upper respiratory and middle ear infections

breathing problems

speech problems such as nasally tones

60
Q

this is a prosthesis designed to close a congenital or an acquired opening such as a cleft of the hard palate

A

obturator

61
Q

this type of fracture is a horizontal fracture line that extends above the roots of the teeth, above the palate, across the maxillary sinus, below the zygomatic process, and across the pterygoid plates

A

Le Fort 1

62
Q

what type of fracture occurs in young children

A

incomplete

Clinical Hygiene 220 (10 decks)

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