Final Exam Flashcards
In relation to Land concentration in Latin America, who was land heavily owned by?
Elites
In relation to Land concentration in Latin America, With the elites owning a majority of the land it made it very difficult for who to work their way out of poverty?
Lower classes
In relation to Land concentration in Latin America, lots of land was ?
foreign owned
In relation to Land concentration in Latin America, There was a widespread call for land reform by?
The lower classes
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, the recession in 1907 and 1908 did what?
Bankrupted many businesses- millions of workers unemployed- foreign owners gained more ocntrol over economy
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, _______ workers was one cause because of?
discontented: wages and conditions
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, declining standards of living led to?
workers strikes
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, many foreign _______ was also a factor
entrepreneurs
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, the catholic war did what?
Clsoed doors
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, there were criticisms of ?
US imperialism and oligarchic landholding rule
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, there was discontent about limited _____ and economic _____
democray, disparity
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, there was apartial influence of?
socialism- some thought prvate kand was not sacraed
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, What is the definition of revolution?
Social movement charecterized by broad participation, violence and radical change
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, what happened in the first phase of the revilution?
Began as rebellion against dictatio diaz
In relation to the conditions or factors that led to the Mexican revolution, what happened in the second phase pof revolution?
Economic nationalism, ethnic nationalism, anti clericalism, and national revoolutionary party reforms
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, Who posited this?
Gilberto Freyeres
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, what did gilberto freyre posit?
Brazil had escaped racism and discrimination
argued since relationship between masters and slaves were so close this pprev ented strict racial categories from rforming
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, Freyre stated three racial groups had come together in lowland brazil during the colonial era and bought physica and cultural charecteristics suited for life on the plantations, what were the three?
Portuguese, africans and ameriindians
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, What did Freyre mention about portuguese individuals?
Brought a genius for organization and enterprise and founded cities
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, what did freyre say about africans and ameriindians?
Needed no special adaptation to climate
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, what is a racial democracy?
Distinctions of race were blurred, this guy posited that racism no loinger exsisted because of the mestiaje but that wa largely a myth
In relation to racial democracy in brazil, Freyre believed theat brazil had the best?
race- the mixed race
Who did freyre think brazil was better than because they were mixed rce?
America
In relation to the contrast between the Good Neighbor policy and US policy during the cold war,, what was the Good neighbor policy?
The united states would no longer intervene militarialy in the internal affairs of neighboring nations regardless of who’s intrests were at stake. (fdr)
What were the two major reasons for the good neighbor policy?
econmics- allowed us to revise trade relation with latin american nations to boost us economy
Military alliance- counter the growth of axis powers, us looked to protect south america
In relation to the good neighbor policy
us citizens had to obey?
laws of the countries where the resided
In relation to good neighborh polcy how long did the nonintervention policy hold steady until?
1950s
The good neighbor policy made it so the us would no longer answer calls to?
Supportone or another side or efcen to supervise electins in the area
In relation to the us policy during the cold war, what was a threat to the US?
Communism
In relation to the us policy during the cold war, what did the US Fear about communism?
that it would infiltrate from the south
In relation to the us policy during the cold war, what did the fear of cimmunist intervention from the south (latin america) cause us to do?
intervene
Where and when did US interven in latin america during cold war?
Guatemala 1954 and cuba in 1961
In relation to the us cold war policy the CIA secretly intervened in guatameala in 1954 and overthrew?
The president
In relation to US’S cold war policy, cuba’s governemnt was abcked by?
soviet union
Because cubas gov was backed by soviet union the use subesequently did what?
Unsucessfully tried to subvert revolution through bay of pigs invasion by cuban exiles
What was the result of the failed bay of pigs operation?
Castro got soviet unionto place nuclear missles in cuba to defend the country against countinued threats fro US
Were the missles eventually removed?
YES
Where else were there CIA Subversins?
Chille and Nicaragua
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, there was a bad concentration of?
Land
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring,2% of population owned how much land?
75%
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, there was lots of land owned by who?
UFC
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, UFC had lots of?
Politial power
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, one major cause was the conservative removal of ?
Dictatory Jorge Ubico
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, Jorge Ubico was?
Very corrupt
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, Who did Jorge Ubico have close ties to?
UFC
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, The third major cause was?
Social aspect
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, what social aspects contributed to thsh?
Low literacy
Unfair Laws for workers without their own land
landowners freey punished workers
In relation to conditions or factors that led to Guatemalan decade of spring, in relation to unfair laws for workers without their own land, workers had to serve?
100 days unpaid labor per yer and if they refused they could be executed or inprisoned by land owners
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, there was an uprising i june 1944 by?
Student Labor groups
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, In 1944 who removes Ubico and what happens as a result?
Military, progressive military comes into power
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, what happened in March of 1945?
JJ Arevalo elected
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, What happened as a result of the election of JJ avarelo?
New constoitution economic nationalism
abolished unpaid work
alows literate men and women to vote
political tolerance
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, Who was elected in 1951?
Arbenz
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, what happened as the result of the election of Arbenz?
Agrarian reform
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, What was the agrarian reform?
Confiscated uncultivated land from private companies and redistributed to pesants
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, in relation to agriarian reform, companies like UFC wouldn’t?
Use all land depending oin current market
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, in relation to agriarian reform, Private companies were supposed to be ?
paid for the land the gov took, but only what they declared on taxes, which was lower than actual value
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, in relation to agriarian reform, UFC had to give up how mucvh of their lan?
42% and against their wishes
In relation to Reforms introduced during the Gutemalan Decade of Spring, in relation to agriarian reform, as a resut of this land taing away from ufc what were the consequences?
UFC and Cia began to conspire against Arbenz
did the UFC nd CIA win?
Yes, they got arbenz to resign and put armas in power- agrarian reform reversed
In relation to the UFC: Economic and Political aspects, ufc had ____ revenue of guatemalan gov
double- therefore lots of political power
In relation to the UFC: Economic and Political aspects, UFC had relations with corrupt dictatorship of
Jorge ubico`
Considerable abuses to the native populations, cruel working conditions and disrespect for sustainable land practices = unpopular with local populations. Essentially monopolized and stripped land of resources, This describes?
The inited fruit company
In 1899 the creation of UFC came to symbolize what in latin america?
Widespread penetration and dominance of central america by foreigners
In relation to conditions or factors that led to bolivian revolution, What were the econimoic conditions?
Predominantly rural and agricultural
Mining tin
Chaco war
6% of population owned 80% of land