Actual Quiz 1

Question 1

What were some factors that attracted mexicans to the us during the 20th century according to winn?

Answer 1

Higher wages

Better economic opportunities

Agricultural programs/ labor

Bracero program brought 50,000 mexicans to the U.S. to work during WW2

Question 2

Origins of Cuban immigration to the US in the second half of the 20th century, as explained by
Winn.

Answer 2

Migrated over politics rather than economic problems

Failure of the Bay of Pigs that resulted in the Cuban Missile Crisis led to half a million immigrants coming to the US in the decade after that.

Cubans fleeing to America to escape Castro and brutal military dictatorship

Question 3

Characteristics of Cuban community in Miami, as described by Winn.

Answer 3

Lawyers, businessmen and bankers

Mostly middle class citizens in Miami

Second largest cuban immirant city

Cuban culture takes over miami through food entertainment

Question 4

Role of culture for puerto rican migrants to NY City according to winn?

Answer 4

Puerto rican flag day of june 14 1992

Nuyoricans

2nd Largest group of hispanics in us mainland

Question 5

In relation to the role of culture for puertoricans in NY Whst was the traditional music of Puerto rico?

Answer 5

Deep connection to culture, and identity food rice and beans- music, plena, adapted from afro caribean bomba

Question 6

What was the puerto rican traveling theatre?

Answer 6

Traveled and performed plays about assimilation into american culture

Question 7

What was the relationship between us involvement in DR and DR migration to US?

Answer 7

Immigration patterns started in 1960s and reflects US involvement in other caribean countries interal affairs.

IE: IN the DR after 1960 it lead to a decade of US military intervention, economic expansion, and political intervention, accelerated during 1980s

Question 8

Broad population changes in Latin America during colonial period?

Answer 8

Ethno racial categories

• Spaniards- peninsulares
  -criollos
  -Mestizos
  Free blacks
  Black slaves
  More westernized indians
  Less westernized indians
  viceroyalties
  Moros

Question 9

Economic causes of independence in latin america (3 things)

Answer 9

Long lasting limits on international trade

Actual inability to trade with colonies after 1797

Increased taxes

Question 10

Social causes of indepencdence in latin america?

Answer 10

Royal favoritism toward oensulars resented by criollos

Hatian rebeloution and great andean rebellion caused elite fear

Question 11

What were the Ideological causes of independence in Latin America?

Answer 11

Enlightenment (Efficient gov)

US and French Revolutions (Greater representation, legal equality, pop soverignty )

Influence in latin america towards the creolos and mesitozos wanted to be seen as equals to portuguese

Question 12

What was the stance of non indians toward hidalgos rebellion?

Answer 12

Non indians, gave little support to hidalgos rebellion because of their fear of, loss of power and status in society that the indians instilled in them but also the rampant violence that the indians enacted on the criollos and mestizos. This gave way to little help or solidarity from criollos or mestizos

Question 13

What was the impact of racial divisions on venezuelan independence?

Answer 13

Because there was a larger black population there was more ambivalence from criollos to give political power and participation to lower classes and the cost of this to criollos like Simon Bolivar- who questioned their loss of power and status in society- were that their resistance failed at first. Then when they gained support from lower classes, they defeated royalist forces and gained independence

Question 14

What was the timeline of venezuelan independence

Answer 14

1810: criollo council led by bolivar
1811: dec of independence- hesitance to grant political participationto low classes
1812: patriot defeat
1814: bolivar arrived in Colombia
1816: back to VEN

gained support of lower classes llaneros free blacks and slaves

Bolivar defeated royalists in boyaca 1819 and carabobo in 1822

Question 15

In relation to venezeulan independence when bolivar finally gained support from llaneros who did the patriots defeat in 1819 and 1822?

Answer 15

royalist in boyaca in 1819

royalist in carabobo in 1822

Question 16

What is advanced payment according to matto de turner

Answer 16

In the novel, we see rich merchants “depositing” an “advance payment” (forced loans) of a sum of money at indigenous peoples’ houses. One year later, they’d come back for 500 lbs. of Alpaca wool at prices that always heavily favored the merchants. If the native people didn’t have the wool, they had to pay back the “advance payment” at usurious interest rates. The system relied on power and the threat of violence

Question 17

What does the book’s title torn from the nest refer to?

Answer 17

Encomienda service drew both men and women temporarily away from their home villages with men working in mining, construction and agriculture and women serving as cooks, maids, and wet nurses in encomenderos’ households. Exploitation of indeginious labor

taken from their homes

Question 18

Following the argument of the novel, what opinion did Matto de Turner have about the Catholic clergy? Why?

Answer 18

She portrays the village priests as abusive, corrupt, and a part of the oppressive establishment along with the governor and other local government officials.

Question 19

Political crises in spainsh and portuguese emprires?

Answer 19

1807 - Napoleon’s invasion of portugal
Portuguese king escaped to Brazil, Spanish king captured and forced to resign
French appointed their own (collaborationist) authorities
1808 - Napoleon’s invasion of spain
1812-1814 - constitutional congress that opened up the idea of popular sovereignty, a liberal constitution, but there was not enough representation for criollos.
1) Portuguese Empire: Portuguese king set court in Rio de Janeiro è 1814: Brazil declared kingdom equivalent to Portugal – Discontent of Portuguese elite
2) Spanish Empire: Division within the colonial elite (Peninsulares and Criollos) in Latin America:
a. Loyalist or Royalist: continue obeying authorities in Spain (French or not) OR
b. Criollo Juntas or Patriots: claimed to want return of Spanish king – really looking for more autonomy