Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Adult Development > Final- Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Final- Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are social roles?

A

Expected behaviors and attitudes that come with ones position in society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a role transition?

A

Roles changes with life circumstances

Emphasis is on the idea that roles are neither gained or lost but will change as life circumstances change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a social clock?

A

Similar to a biological clock

Patterns of change in social roles over adulthood- normal sequences of adult life experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did the biological clock look at?

A

Health and physical function throughout adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are gender roles?

A

What men and women actually do in a given culture during a given historical era

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are gender stereotypes?

A

Sets of shared beliefs or generalizations about what men and women in a society have in common

Indicates what each gender does and how they should behave

Can be useful and inaccurate

Harmful if used to judge how well someone is measuring up to a standard of behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some male stereotypes?

A

Instrumental qualities-

Competitive

Adventurous

Physical strong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some female stereotypes?

A

Communal qualities-

Sympathetic

Nurturing

Intuitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the learning schema theory?

A

Proximal- current influences

Children taught to cues the world through gender polarized lenses

Artificial or exaggerated distinctions between genders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the social role theory?

A

Proximal

Results from children observing division of labor within a culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the evolutionary psychology theory?

A

Distal- past influences

Based on primitive ancestor responses to problems they faced millions of years ago

Genes females and males have are genetically predisposed to behave differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the bio social perspective theory?

A

Distal and proximal causes interaction to produce gender roles that reflect an individuals biology, developmental experiences, and social position

Proximal- current social and cultural influences

Distal- roles evolved over the course of human evolution, based on biological differences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the transition to adulthood and it’s effects on the individual

A

Young adulthood- greatest changes in social roles

A lot of variability seen as young people move to adult roles

Long transition periods give people a chance to change trajectories (getting clean and sober)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe emerging adulthood

A

18-24 proposed by Jeffrey Arnett

A time in life when young people try out different experiences

Does not occur in all cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are 5 defining features that distinguish emerging adulthood from adolescence or adulthood?

A

1) age of identity explorations
2) age of instability
3) self focused age
4) age of feeling in between
5) age of possibilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the leaving and returning home process?

A

A lot of variability today in timing and the destination

People move in and out of their homes as they attend college it are in between apartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the gender differences in leaving and returning home?

A

Makes stay home longer

59% men and 50% women 18-24 live at home

19% men and 10% women 25-34 live at home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the boomerang effect?

A

Younger the adults are that leave parents home, more likely they return

Generational solidarity- late leavers show a higher solidarity (unity) with their aging parents than siblings who moved out at a younger age

Adults who leave at a later age are more apt to receive financial support from parents

Some people enter a different culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is cohabitation?

A

Living together without marriage

Decrease marriage rates

Later marriage

Same sex relationships

Country differences- economy, religion, partnership laws, benefits and availability to afford housing

Alternative to marriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are egalitarian roles?

A

Men and women have more equal roles at the beginning of a marriage before children are born

Still gendered division of labor (even in early marriages)- women do more household chores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain martial status and health

A

Comparing the health and longevity of married and unmarried people, the health of married people is more significant than unmarried people

22
Q

What is the martial selection effect?

A

Hypothesis that people with poor mental and physical health are not as likely to marry as those who are better off

23
Q

What is the martial resource effect?

A

Being married is financially and socially advantageous and leads to healthier lifestyles

24
Q

What is the martial crisis effect?

A

Married people are healthier because they have not experienced trauma of divorce or becoming a widow

25
Q

What is martial stability?

A

NOT the same as martial quality

Unhappy relationships are not good for your health

26
Q

Are adults delaying their age to become parents?

A

Yes

Less teenage and young adult childbirths

Females over 40

85% of adults in US become parents

27
Q

What is a parental imperative?

A

Shift in gender roles toward the more traditional stereotypical male/ female roles

28
Q

What is the parental investemnt theory?

A

Evolutionary psychology explains that men and women evolved different behaviors and interest because women have more invested in their children than men

Ex: pregnancy, caring for child

Men can have many babies at once while women can’t

29
Q

What is the economic exchange theory?

A

Men and women function as a couple to exchange goods and services

30
Q

Does happiness decrease when becoming parents and increases when children leave the nest?

A

Yes

31
Q

What is John Gorman’s study: martial friendship?

A

Component that makes difficult times such as the transition to parenthood easier

32
Q

What happens to social roles in middle adulthood?

A

Between 40-65

Parenting roles less demanding

End of childbearing years

Happier marriages and partnerships

Relationship with aging parents change

33
Q

What are the positive experiences when children departure?

A

Higher level of happiness

New opportunities

  • women take on new careers
  • both May seek out new interests
  • travel
34
Q

Who has a negative experience when their children depart?

A

Minorities

35
Q

What happens when crossover gender roles crossover during midlife?

A

Men and women change roles

Women become more assertive

Men become more passive

36
Q

What happens during expansion of gender roles during midlife?

A

Expansion of roles

Men and women express new roles- take on attributes of the other gender

37
Q

Describe becoming a grandparent

A

More grandparents in the world today

Can be a grandparent for the get half your life

Healthy and wealthy in the US

38
Q

What is a grand family?

A

Grandparent raising their grandchildren

39
Q

Who are the usual caregivers for aging parents?

A

Daughters and daughter in laws

Slowly changing

40
Q

What is caregiver burden?

A

Mental and physical effects of caregivers

African Americans are less likely to experience caregiver burden than white caregivers

78% of middle aged adults have a living parent

41
Q

Describe living alone

A

Change brought by losing a spouse or divorce

Women are more likely to be widowed before men

of children and their location

Can they afford it?

42
Q

What happens when you become a care receiver?

A

Loss of independence and freedom

Care from family
Benefits- become closer
Disadvantages- stressful emotionally and financially

43
Q

What percent of men 65 and older live with their spouses?

What percent of men 65 and older live alone?

A

Souses- 70%

Alone- 20%

44
Q

What percentage of women 65 and older live with their spouses?

What percentage of women 65 and older live alone?

A

Souses- 42%

Alone- 37%

45
Q

What are the rates and reasons for single people?

A

Rates-
over 1/3 of households
4% of 65 and older

Career focused, shy, higher income women etc

46
Q

Why are people childless?

A

Women are either unable to or don’t want any (6% of women)

Other form of support networks (siblings etc)

Lack of milestones

47
Q

What is the rate of divorce?

A

30% of young adults divorce by 10 years

Most remarry

48
Q

What are some new roles that come with divorce?

A

Single parents take on both roles

Blended families

Stepmothers

Cultural stereotypes- only recognize one mother per child yet the stepmom takes many tasks

Detrimental effects- stretching income of a single parent where there used to be 2

49
Q

What is social timing?

A

Roles we occupy

How long we occupy these roles

Dependent on culture

Order- when does society dictate order of roles?

50
Q

What is a social clock?

A

Adds dimensions to roles

Pattern of role transitions are
similar for most

Some theories point to less stress in ones life the stronger the correlation between their social role sequence and developmental norms

Not always in our control

51
Q

How has our understanding of aging and social roles changed over time?

A

We used to view aging as losing roles, but now we see them as changing roles

Adult Development (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions