Final 7 (Attention and Perception) Flashcards
Cognition depends on heteromodal association cortices, the parietal cortex ______________ to complex stimuli, the temporal cortex ___________ the stimuli, and the frontal cortex __________ to stimuli.
Parietal cortex: attends
Temporal cortex: identifies
Frontal cortex: responds
Attention prioritizes some stimuli over others, true or false?
True
Focusing on one domain above others
Selective attention
Sustained attention involves:
1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________
- Concentration
- Non-distractibility
- Vigilance
Attention is lateralized to the ______ hemisphere.
right
Which hemisphere is described by these functions:
Speech, language, and comprehension
Left
Which hemisphere is described by these functions:
Spatial ability, context and perception
Right
Neglect is most commonly seen from a deficit in which hemisphere?
Right (left neglect)
Denial of symptoms (somatosagnosia) is common in contralateral neglect, true or false?
True
Sustained attention can be directed at:
- Task
- Object
- Modality
Explain the role of the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic pathways in attention
Motivational aspects of attention.
Motivation directed and sustained attention towards interesting stimulus.
Explain the role of the neuromodulatory systems in attention
Maintain and alert/awake state.
If you are not awake, you are not attending.
Explain the role of the parietal association cortex (+ the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus) in attention
Selective attention and neglect.
Explain the role of the frontal association cortex (+the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus) in attention
Sustained and selective attention, and frontal eye fields.
Impairments in attention are often a hallmark sign of a traumatic brain injury, the location of an injury affecting attention is likely where in the brain? Affecting what type of attention?
Frontal lobe affecting selective and sustained attention
The three broad regions of the frontal cortex associated with attention include:
- Lateral pre-frontal cortex
- Orbito-frontal cortex
- Anterior cingulate cortex
Frontal cortex functions in attention and perception involve:
1.
2.
3.
- Restraint: inhibition of inappropriate behavior
- Initiative: motivation to pursue positive or productive activities
- Order: capacity to correctly perform sequencing tasks and other cognitive operations
What function of the frontal cortex oversees the following?
- Judgement
- Foresight
- Perseverance
- Delaying gratification
- Inhibiting socially inappropriate responses
- Self-governance
- Concentration
Restraint
What function of the frontal cortex oversees the following?
- Curiosity
- Spontaneity
- Motivation
- Drive
- Creativity
- Shifting cognitive set
- Mental flexibility
- Personality
Initiative
What function of the frontal cortex oversees the following?
- Abstract thinking
- Working memory
- Perspective talking
- Planning
- Insight
- Organization
- Sequencing
- Temporal order
Order
The following is describing damage to which area/region of the brain?
- May appear unremarkable at first
- Perception, language, memory and motor abilities typically unimpaired
- Profound inability to carry out simple activities
Frontal cortex
Lesions in the frontal cortex may affect the function of restraint, this may result in what type of symptoms?
- Disinhibition
- Impulsivity
- Say the first thing that come to mind (even if inappropriate)
- Reach out to touch/grab things (even if inappropriate)
- May attempt to stand up even if physically unable
- Continue to make “bad” choices even when they recognize that these actions are harmful
- Stimulus bound attention
- Perseveration
Lesions in the frontal cortex may affect the function of initiative, this may result in what type of symptoms?
- Inability to self-initiate tasks
- Deficits with mental flexibility (selecting an alternative action if typical action is unavailable)
Lesions in the frontal cortex may affect the function of order, this may result in what type of symptoms?
- Decrease insight/awareness of impairments
- Deficits with working memory (confabulation)
- Deficits with abstraction
