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Small Animal Medicine > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Salmonella: Signs

A

Bloody v/d

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2
Q

Campylobacter: Signs

A

mucousy diarrhea, inc. frequency

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3
Q

Helicobacter: Signs

A

v/d, wt loss

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4
Q

Helicobacter: Tx

A

triple therapy

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5
Q

Brucellosis: Common Transmission

A

aborted material

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6
Q

Brucellosis: Signs

A

M - enlarged scrotum, infertility, testicular atrophy

F - infertility, abortion

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7
Q

Actinomyces: Origin

A

Oral cavity

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8
Q

Actinomyces: Tx

A

penicillin

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9
Q

Nocardia: Commonly causes

A

pyothorax

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10
Q

Nocardia: Tx

A

TMS

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11
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi: Osp in tick salivary gland?

A

OspC

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12
Q

When to sign from Lyme dz develop?

A

2-5 mo post infection

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13
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi: Tx

A

Doxycycline

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14
Q

Leptopirosis: Signs

A

Liver and kidney failure

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15
Q

Lepto: Tx

A

doxycycline

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16
Q

What is the pathophysiology for most rickettsial organisms?

A

rickettsia replicate in endothelial cells => inc. permiability => leakage + vasculitis => dec. plateletes

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17
Q

What WBC does Ehrlichia infect?

A

mononuclear

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18
Q

What WBC does Anaplasma infect?

A

neutrophils

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19
Q

Neosporosis: Signs

A

pelvic extensor rigidity

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20
Q

Neosporosis: Tx

A

clindamycin

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21
Q

What cell do Mycoplasma infect?

A

RBC

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22
Q

Mycoplasma: Tx

A

doxycycline

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23
Q

What cell do Cytauxzoon infect?

A

RBC

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24
Q

Cytauxzoon: Signs

A

dyspnea, icterus, pale mm, splenomgaly

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25
Q

Sporotrichosis: Forms

A

cutaneous, cutaneolymphatic, disseminated

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26
Q

Sporotrichosis: Tx

A

itraconazole

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27
Q

Hypothyroidism: Signs

A

lethargy, obesity, cold intolerance, skin issues, pale MM, bradycardia

28
Q

Hypothyroid: Hormone Levels

A

dec. TT4 + fT4; inc. TSH

29
Q

Euthyroid Sick Syndrome: Hormone Levels

A

dec. TT4; normal fT4 + TSH

30
Q

Hypothyroid: Dx

A

TSH stim, signs + Hormone levels

31
Q

Hypothyroid: Tx

A

replacement therapy, monitoring

32
Q

Hyperthyroid: Causes

A

hyperplasia/neoplasia

33
Q

Hyperthyroid: Signs

A

PU/PD, PP, v/d, enlarged thyroid

34
Q

Hyperthyroid: Dx

A

signs, high TT4

35
Q

Hyperthyroid: Tx Options

A

diet, meds, surgical, radiotherapy

36
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: Signs

A

pot belly, PU/PD, PP, muscle weakness, wt. gain, stress leukogram

37
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: Dx

A

urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio, ACTH stim, LDDT

38
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: ACTH Stim (+) Test Results

A

significantly inc. cortisol

39
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: LDDT (+) Test Results

A

lack of suppression of ACTH or immediate recovery of ACTH (PDHAC)

40
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: Differentiating Tests

A

ACTH Assay - inc. = PDHAC, dec. = ADHAC

41
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism: Tx

A

meds - Trilostane, mitotane; sx

42
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism: Causes

A

immune mediated, iatrogenic

43
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism: Signs of Crisis

A

dehydration, inc. CRT, anorexia, vomiting, pale mm, anemia, lack of stress leukogram

44
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism: Dx

A

ACTH Stim - no change (low)

45
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism: Crisis Tx

A

fluids, control hyperkalemia

46
Q

Hypoadrenocorticism: Long-term Tx

A

Fludrocortisone (M+G), DOCP (M)

47
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Signs

A

PU/PD, PP, wt. loss, exercise intolerance, recurrent UTI

48
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Dx

A

glucoseuria, inc. BG (not caused by stress), Fructosamines

49
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Tx balances

A

diet, insulin, exercise

50
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin Types - Function

A 
Short Acting (soluble/isophane) - CRI
Intermediate Acting (Lente/Vetsulin) - canine tx
Long acting (PZI/Glargine) - feline tx
51
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Monitoring

A

glucose curves, fructosamine

52
Q

Diabetes Mellitus: Ideal Energy Source - feline

A

50-55% ME from protein

53
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Signs

A

dehydration, v/d +/- blood, poor perfusion, met. acidosis, collapse

54
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Dx

A

blood + urine ketones, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, PLI

55
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Tx

A

1) correct fluid + electrolyte imbalance
2) insulin CRI (separate cannula from fluids)
3) monitor - TPR, PCV, TP, K

56
Q

Insulinoma: Signs

A

Hypoglycemia -

behavior change, weakness, ataxia, tremors, seizures

57
Q

Insulinoma: Dx

A

inc. insulin, dec. glucose/fructosamine

58
Q

Insulinoma: Hypoglycemia Tx

A

small frequent meals, pred, diazoxide

59
Q

Insulinoma: Tx

A

surgery

60
Q

Hypercalcemia: Signs

A

PU/PD, weakness, lethargy, v/d, inappetance

61
Q

Hypercalcemia: DDx

A 
Hyperparathyroidism
Addison's
Renal failure
D Vit toxicosis
Idiopathic
Oseolysis
Neoplasia
Spurious
62
Q

Hypercalcemia: Quick Fix

A

saline dilution/diuresis

63
Q

Hyperparathyroidism: Signs

A

muscle wasting, weakness, obesity, abnormal ECG

64
Q

Hypocalcemia: Signs

A

stiffness, tremors

65
Q

Hypocalcemia: Dx

A

dec. PTH

66
Q

Hypocalcemia: Tx

A

Immediate - Ca gluconate

Long Term - calcitrol

Small Animal Medicine (8 decks)

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