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Western Civ > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

who dominated long distance trade routes during medieval times?

A

The Italians

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2
Q

what was the most significant conflict between church and state in medieval europe

A

the appointment of religous leaders by secular rulers, investite conflict

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3
Q

what will become the rallying cry for the crusaders throughout crusades

A

God wills it

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4
Q

Legends of this orders secret rituals, huge wealth and lost treasures have long fascinated conspiracy theorists for centuries

A

The Knights Templar

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5
Q

Signifance of the battle of hastins

A
  1. England political shift from the scandinavian world to continental europe
  2. The doomsday book
  3. The birth of modern english language
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6
Q

explain the 2 important provisions within the magna carta

A

-protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment (Habeas Corpus)
-new taxation only with barional consent and limitations on scutage

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7
Q

By 1215 the mongols had conqurened most of china under their powerful leader

A

genghis khan

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8
Q

who was the most famous of all venetian merchants?

A

Marco polo

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9
Q

name the great plague that ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3 of 3/5 of the european population

A

the black death

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10
Q

what french peasant girl turned the longstanding anglo-french conflict into a religious war

A

Joan of Arc

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11
Q

the renaissance originated in what italian city

A

Florence

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12
Q

define the columbian exchange

A

the movement of people, animals, plants, manufactured goods, precious metals, and diseases between europe, america and africa

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13
Q

what were martin luther’s 2 major issues with the church

A

salvation and indulgences

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14
Q

pope paul created a new order of priests. what was this new order of priests called

A

The Jesuits

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15
Q

what was the name of the most influential royal houses of europe?

A

the house of habsburg

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16
Q

what were french calvinists called

A

hugeonuts

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17
Q

in response to the execution of the catholic monarch, mary queen of scots, phillip II of spain

A

sent the famous spanish armada to crush england

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18
Q

name the king who was an ardent believer in the divine right of kings and will create a system of absolute monarchical rule?

A

Louis XIV

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19
Q

define absolutism

A

a system of government in which the ruler claims sole and uncontestable power

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20
Q

define mercantilism

A

governments must intervene to increase national wealth by whatever means possible

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21
Q

name given to those who fought for parliament

A

round heads

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22
Q

name given to those who fought for the king

A

cavaliers

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23
Q

the cromwellian rump parliament then abolished the monarchy and the house of lords and set up a puritan republic known as the

A

common wealth of england

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24
Q

john locke argues that governments only purpose was to protect what

A

life, liberty, and property

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25
Q

define the following: a mestizo b. peninsular c. creoles

A

a. a person born to a spanish father and a native mother
b. those born in spain
c. born in america of spanish parents

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26
Q

explain the strategic importance of the creation of the bank of england

A

enabled the government to raise money at low interest for the foreign wars

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27
Q

what city symbolized russia’s opening to the west

A

st petersburg

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28
Q

what were 2 central doctrines of the enlightenment philsophers

A

individual liberty, religious tolerance

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29
Q

what were 3 main reasons for immigration to the new world

A

economic, political, religious freedom

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30
Q

who were the executive authority in the colonies, tasked with carrying out the kings instructions

A

royal governors

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31
Q

list the 4 coercive acts

A

boston port at
massachusetts government act
impartial administration of justice act
quartering act

32
Q

the 2nd continental congress issues a declaration of independence on what day

A

july 4, 1776

33
Q

know what the estates general is

A

3 classes called estates, or the orders of france
1. clergy
2. nobility
3. everyone else

34
Q

know what the declaration of the rights of man and citizen proclaimed

A

men are born equal and remain free and equal in rights

35
Q

know what the slogans and values that will define the french revolution are

A

liberty, equality, fraternity

36
Q

know the rosetta stone

A

2nd century b.c. artifact that will unlock the ancient egyptian culture

37
Q

know abt the congress of vienna

A

the objective was to provide a long term peace plan for europe by settling critical issues arising from the french revolutionary wars and the napoleonic wars

38
Q

america’s reaction to the political instability in south america during the 1820s was

A

monroe doctrine

39
Q

causes of ww1

A

nationalism
imperialism, imperial rivalries
entangling alliances
militarism, germany’s rise as a world power

40
Q

reasons for american involvement

A

economic
unrestricted submarine warfare
anti-german propaganda

41
Q

war guilt clause

A

this forced germany to accept responsibility for the war

42
Q

league of nations

A

point 14, general association of nations to acquire the security of great and small nations alike

43
Q

NAZI

A

national socialist german workers party

44
Q

results of the failed putsch

A

the trial publicity makes hitler a national figure

45
Q

appeasement

A

western democracies policy, accepting hitler’s demands in order to avoid conflict

46
Q

sept 1, 1939

A

hitler invades poland, ww2 begins

47
Q

rommel

A

field marshal erwin rommel, desert fox

48
Q

reasons hitler invades russia

A

temptation of invasion was too great. its the heart of communism, where lebensraum is to be found, has the largest jewish population in the world

49
Q

lend lease

A

the us will give $46 billion in aid

50
Q

axis countries and leaders

A

germany- adolf hitler
italy- benito mussolini
japan- hideki tojo

51
Q

allied countries and leaders

A

america- fdr
russia- joseph stalin
england- winston churchill
china

52
Q

d-day

A

june 6, 1941 allies invade normandy in france

53
Q

conference considered sellout by fdr

A

the yalta conference

54
Q

supreme allied commander in europe

A

dwight d. eisenhower

55
Q

Japan sought to establish what they called the

A

greater east asia co. prosperity sphere

56
Q

for the military, the highest honor they could gain in battle
what was a disgrace

A

die for their emperor, surrender

57
Q

is ordered by FDR to leave for australia where he issues his famous __________ declaration

A

general douglas macarthur, I shall return

58
Q

76,000 american and filipino troops surrender

A

the bataan death march

59
Q

japanese navy is stopped in the attempt to capture port moresby

A

battle of coral sea

60
Q

commander and chief of the US pacific theater during WW2

A

chester W nimite

61
Q

who was the emperor during WW2

A

Emperor Hirohito

62
Q

supreme allied commander of the pacific theater during WW2

A

douglas Mcauthor

63
Q

led the air raid on tokeyo

A

jimmy doolittle

64
Q

americans at home followed the war

A

Newstreets

65
Q

were placed in the windows of americans who lost loved ones during the war

A

gold stars

66
Q

it is the turning point of the war in the pacific

A

the battle of midway

67
Q

1st land victory for america in the pacific

A

battle of guadalcanal

68
Q

most famous image of ww2, classic flag rasing

A

battle of iwo jima

69
Q

1sr assault on the japanese home lands

A

battle of Okinawa

70
Q

kamikazes

A

divine wind

71
Q

code name for the atomic bomb project

A

the manhattan project

72
Q

1st nuclear explosion was on US soil, july 16 1945

A

trinity

73
Q

on august 15, 1945 japan surrenders

A

VJ day

74
Q

will be the military governor of occupied japan

A

general douglas mcauthor

75
Q

the internment of japanese americans

A

japanese americans were targeted as a potentially disloyal.they were viewed as potential spies for the japanese government

76
Q

offered the benefits of free college education to returning veterans

A

the G.I. bill of rights

Western Civ (15 decks)

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