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BI157 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are in the animal cell? (16)

A

Flagella
Lysosome
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Microvilli
Mitochondria
Centrosomes
Peroxisome
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Plasma membrane
Golgi apparatus
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Nucleolus

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2
Q

What are the structures in a plant cell? (15)

A

Cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Nuclear envelope
Endoplasmic reticulum
Adjacent cell wall
Vacuole
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Peroxisome
Golgi apparatus
Plasma membrane

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3
Q

What is exclusive to the plant cell? (4)

A

Plasmodesmata
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Central vacuole

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4
Q

What is the function of the flagellum?

A

Motility

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5
Q

What is the function of the centrosomes?

A

Area where Microtubules originate

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6
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton? (2)

A

Reinforce cell shape

Functions in cell movement

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7
Q

What is he function of the microvilli?

A

Projections that increase surface area

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8
Q

What is the function of the lysosome?

A

Digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed

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9
Q

What is the function of the Peroxisome? (2)

A

Organelle with various metabolic functions

Produces hydrogen peroxide and converts it to water

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10
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Where cellular respiration occurs

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11
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? (4)

A

Synthesis

Modification

Sorting

Secretion of cell product

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12
Q

What is the function of the ribosome?

A

Complex where protein originates

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13
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

Membrane enclosing the cell

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14
Q

What is the function of the chromatin?

A

Made of DNA and protein, visible in dividing cells

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15
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A

Structure involved in production of ribosomes

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16
Q

What is the function of the nuclear envelope? (2)

A

Perforated by pores

Encloses the nucleus

17
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? (2)

A

Network of sacs and tubes for membrane synthesis and other metabolic processes

Rough ER is studded with ribosomes

18
Q

What is Plasmodesmata?

A

Channels through cell walls that connect the cytoplasm with of adjacent cells

19
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

Outer layer maintains cell shape and protection

20
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast? (2)

A

Organelle that photosynthesizes

Converts light energy to chemical energy

21
Q

What is the function of the central vacuoles? (4)

A

Storage

Breaks down waste products

Hydrolysis

Enlarges cell

22
Q

What is the product of glycolysis, and where? (3)

A

Cytoplasm

2 ATP, 2NADH, 2 pyruvate

Substrate level phosphorylation

23
Q

What happens during pyruvate oxidation?

A

2 CO2, 2NADH, acetyl CoA

24
Q

What is the product of two cycles of the citric acid cycle?

A

2 acetyl CoA, 6NADH, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2

25
Q

What happens in the electron transport chain?

A

Passes electrons down a chain to release energy and form an H+ gradient

26
Q

What happens during chemiosmosis? (3)

A

Uses H+ gradient

As H+ enters the rotor, it spins the stator connected to it

Activates the catalytic rod

Produces ATP

27
Q

What happens during oxidative phosphorylation?

A

Produces 26-28 ATP

28
Q

What is amino acid activation?

A

Fits appropriate amino acids to tRNA with that anticodon

29
Q

What happens during translation?

A

tRNA adds their amino acid to a polypeptide chains and translocates

BI157 (21 decks)

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