Chapter 5 Flashcards
Which of the following is not a polymer? Glucose, starch, RNA or DNA.
Glucose
How many molecules of water are released during the polymerization of a 20 monomer long cellulose molecule?
19
How do I aldose sugar and ketose Sugar differ?
The position of the carbonyl group
Maltos is a disaccharide that can easily be digested into glucose molecules the glycosidic linkage between the glucose molecules, and now those are
Alpha 1-4
You want to lose weight which of the following should be a preferred food group?
Cellulose and fructose
What is the major structural difference between starch and glycogen?
The amount of benching that occurs in the molecule
What is starch composed of?
Branched amylopectin and unbranched Amylose
What polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animals and fungi?
Chitin
People who are lactose intolerant, cannot extract energy from milk, because
They are missing an enzyme
Glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins
A peptide bond
Why are cooking oil and gasoline amphipathic molecules?
They do not have a polar or a charged region
How do lipids stay fluid at room temperature?
A high number of cis double bonds
What does saturated fats contain?
More hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon atoms
What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids?
The components of the R group
What is true about proteins?
Some proteins formal completely 3-D structure only when they interact with their targets
Do you have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulfur containing cysteine residue occurs at regular intervals. What is the significance of this finding?
Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structures
What is hemoglobin?
A quaternary protein, with four poly peptide bonds
How many heme groups are present in three hemoglobin protein molecules?
12
What does sickle cell hemoglobin exhibit?
Altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure. The secondary and tertiary structure is may or may not be altered.
Hemoglobin when subjected to 40% acetonitrile a PH 10 loses its quaternary structure, which means that
Four alpha and beta polypeptide dissociate
Which of the following provides information necessary to stipulate a proteins 3-D shape
Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
The relationship between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relationship between what
Nucleotide and nucleic acid
How do RNA and DNA differ
The type of sugar
What happens when nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid?
A covalent bond forms between sugar of one nucleotide and phosphate of a second
What is true about the five end of a poly nucleotide strand of RNA?
The five and has a phosphate group attach the number five carbon of Ribose
What is one of the primary functions of RNA molecules?
Function in synthesis of proteins
IF 14 carbon labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells what macromolecules will be labeled
RNA
What best fits the description of nucleotideS
A nitrogenous base, a phosphate, group, and sugar
In an RNA sample
The number of peering may or may not equal the number of and pyrimidine
What does central role of molecular biology state?
DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into proteins
Homo sapiens have 23 pairs of chromosomes. What does this imply
46 double stranded DNA molecules are present in each somatic cell
Amylase can break glycostatic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the form
Glucose starch, and amylopectin
What is true of unsaturated fats?
They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains
What structure level of protein least affected by disruption in hydrogen bonding
Primary level
Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together what would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes
The phosphodiester linkages of the poly nucleotide backbone would be broken
