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BI157 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is not a polymer? Glucose, starch, RNA or DNA.

A

Glucose

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2
Q

How many molecules of water are released during the polymerization of a 20 monomer long cellulose molecule?

A

19

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3
Q

How do I aldose sugar and ketose Sugar differ?

A

The position of the carbonyl group

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4
Q

Maltos is a disaccharide that can easily be digested into glucose molecules the glycosidic linkage between the glucose molecules, and now those are

A

Alpha 1-4

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5
Q

You want to lose weight which of the following should be a preferred food group?

A

Cellulose and fructose

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6
Q

What is the major structural difference between starch and glycogen?

A

The amount of benching that occurs in the molecule

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7
Q

What is starch composed of?

A

Branched amylopectin and unbranched Amylose

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8
Q

What polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animals and fungi?

A

Chitin

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9
Q

People who are lactose intolerant, cannot extract energy from milk, because

A

They are missing an enzyme

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10
Q

Glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins

A

A peptide bond

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11
Q

Why are cooking oil and gasoline amphipathic molecules?

A

They do not have a polar or a charged region

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12
Q

How do lipids stay fluid at room temperature?

A

A high number of cis double bonds

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13
Q

What does saturated fats contain?

A

More hydrogen than unsaturated fats that consist of the same number of carbon atoms

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14
Q

What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids?

A

The components of the R group

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15
Q

What is true about proteins?

A

Some proteins formal completely 3-D structure only when they interact with their targets

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16
Q

Do you have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulfur containing cysteine residue occurs at regular intervals. What is the significance of this finding?

A

Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structures

17
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

A quaternary protein, with four poly peptide bonds

18
Q

How many heme groups are present in three hemoglobin protein molecules?

A

12

19
Q

What does sickle cell hemoglobin exhibit?

A

Altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure. The secondary and tertiary structure is may or may not be altered.

20
Q

Hemoglobin when subjected to 40% acetonitrile a PH 10 loses its quaternary structure, which means that

A

Four alpha and beta polypeptide dissociate

21
Q

Which of the following provides information necessary to stipulate a proteins 3-D shape

A

Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

22
Q

The relationship between amino acid and polypeptide is similar to the relationship between what

A

Nucleotide and nucleic acid

23
Q

How do RNA and DNA differ

A

The type of sugar

24
Q

What happens when nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid?

A

A covalent bond forms between sugar of one nucleotide and phosphate of a second

25
Q

What is true about the five end of a poly nucleotide strand of RNA?

A

The five and has a phosphate group attach the number five carbon of Ribose

26
Q

What is one of the primary functions of RNA molecules?

A

Function in synthesis of proteins

27
Q

IF 14 carbon labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells what macromolecules will be labeled

A

RNA

28
Q

What best fits the description of nucleotideS

A

A nitrogenous base, a phosphate, group, and sugar

29
Q

In an RNA sample

A

The number of peering may or may not equal the number of and pyrimidine

30
Q

What does central role of molecular biology state?

A

DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into proteins

31
Q

Homo sapiens have 23 pairs of chromosomes. What does this imply

A

46 double stranded DNA molecules are present in each somatic cell

32
Q

Amylase can break glycostatic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the form

A

Glucose starch, and amylopectin

33
Q

What is true of unsaturated fats?

A

They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains

34
Q

What structure level of protein least affected by disruption in hydrogen bonding

A

Primary level

35
Q

Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together what would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes

A

The phosphodiester linkages of the poly nucleotide backbone would be broken

BI157 (21 decks)

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