Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

135 Dental Radiography > Film Processing > Flashcards

Film Processing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four layers of film?

A

Protective layer
Emulsion
Adhesive
Base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the base layer made of? What is its purpose?

A

Flexible polyester plastic

Meant to support the delicate emotion and is coated on both sides

Double emulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the purpose of the adhesive layer?

A

Attaches the base to the emulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the purpose of the protective layer?

A

Protects the emulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the emulsion located?

A

On either side of the base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the purpose of the emulsion and what is it made of?

A

Has a greater sensitivity to x-rays

Native silver halide crystals and gelatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the purpose of the silver halide and gelatin?

A

Gelatin supports the halide crystals and absorbs chemicals to reach the crystals

Silver halide absorbs the radiation. Composed mostly of silver bromide (90%) and silver iodide (1-10%$

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a latent image?

A

Invisible image of where the radiation has reached the crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of film

A

Intraoral
Extra oral
Duplicating film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which side of the film faces the tube?

A

White side

“White in sight”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which extra oral film uses less radiation?

A

Screen film. Emits rare earth light (green)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe extra oral cassettes

A

 soft or rigid. Rigid is more expensive

Light tight

Rigid = front cover is plastic, back cover is metal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How should film be stored

A

Cool dry place

No more than 70deg or 50% humidity

Lead lined container to prevent fogging

Do expire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Film speed

A

Faster film has larger crystals, is less sharp, requires less mA’s

Slower film has smaller crystals, is more sharp and requires more mA’s

Speeds A-F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the name of the chemical reaction where we make a visible image?

A

Reduction- halide portion is removed

Unexposed, unenergized crystals are removed from the film 

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the developer responsible for

A

Reduction of energized crystals, turning them black. Unexposed Crystals stay the same

17
Q

What does fixer do

A

Removes on energized crystals creating clear areas

Black is not removed and remains the same

18
Q

Idea developer temp

A

68 degrees

No more than 80

19
Q

How long does film sit in fixer?

A

Usually about double the time it’s in developer

20
Q

How long do we was film for?

A

10 min

21
Q

How do images become underdeveloped?

A

Developer is too cool

Developer was weak

Too little time developing

22
Q

How do images become overdeveloped?

A

Developer is too warm

Too strong

Developer too long

23
Q

What is reticulation?

A

Grainy, crackled look

Happens when you are shocking it with too big of a temperature change from developer to the wash

24
Q

Developer spots

A

Film comes in contact with developer prematurely

Dark, over developed spots

25
Q

Fixer spots

A

Film comes in contact with fixer before developer

White/light spots

26
Q

Yellow/brown staining

A

Insufficient washing or fixing ( not long enough)

Often happens over time

27
Q

Developer cutoff

A

Developer levels not sufficient

White section

28
Q

Fixer cutoff

A

Insufficient fixer levels

Large dark areas

29
Q

Overlapped film

A

Films could have been put into automatic developer too quickly after one another

Films on hangers overlapped each other

30
Q

Air bubbles

A

Developer should be agitated to remove air bubbles, if not agitated spots will appear where developer did not hit the film

31
Q

Fingernail

A

Fingernails dig into emulsion. Handling issue

32
Q

Fingerprint

A

Touching films without gloves on

Should be touched only on the sides

33
Q

Static electricity

A

From opening film packets too fast

34
Q

Scratched film

A

Handling issue. Can happen from anything touching it while developing when emulsion is soft

35
Q

Light leak

A

Light leaking into film packet

36
Q

Fogged film

A 
Safelight too close or working too long
Small light leak
Expired film
Improper storage
Developer too hot
Solutions contaminated
37
Q

Herringbone effect

A

From lead foil

Film placed backward when exposing

Colored portion of packet facing the tube

135 Dental Radiography (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions