Exposure And Technique Errors Flashcards
How will and overexposed image appear
Dark
How will and underexposed image appear
Light
How will film exposed to light appear?
Black
How will and unexposed receptor appear
Clear
How will a reversed receptor appear
Blank or white
Too much vertical angulation results and images that are:
Elongated
Two little vertical angulation results and images that are:
Foreshortened
Incorrect horizontal angulation results in images that are:
Overlapped
Which errors can occur with a bite wing technique?
Overlapped contacts, elongation and cone cut
Which errors can occur with the bisecting technique?
Overlapped contacts, elongation, con cut and phalangioma
What are some reasons for underdevelopment of analog film? How will the radiograph appear?
- Premature removal of film from developer
- Weak developer solution
- Radiograph lacks density
Will appear light
If analog processing solution is cold, How will the radiograph appear? What causes it?
Low temperature retards the developing or fixing reaction with the emulsion of film
Film must be left in solution for extra time
Image will be light
What would cause a radiograph to be underexposed? How will the radiograph appear?
-Inadequate amount of X-rays generated from tube
-xrays did not penetrate the dense tissue
-button must be pressed until unit automatically shuts off
Not enough KVP-MA- exposure time
Image will appear light
Excessive bending
Most frequently found on cuspid regions and palatal exposures
Portion of the receptor which is bent will have an image similar to an elongated image
Roots distorted/crown clear caused by bending of the receptor
Causes of dark images in analog film
Over development
Solutions are too warm
KVP-MA-exposure time too high
Causes of fogged film and reduction in contrast
Age- Outdated film was utilized
Storage- Film was stored in warm, damp area or near fine producing chemicals
Radiation- film not properly protected before/after exposure
Safelight- incorrect size of safe bulb or incorrect wattage
Filter- scratched filter
White light- light leak around door in dark room
Processing- contaminated chemicals
Chemical- film developed too long or at too high temp
Cigarette fog- smoking in darkroom
Causes for blank film
No xrays generated through tube
Solutions too warm
Film put in fixer before developing can dissolve film base
Causes of black film
Exposed to white light
Improper filter or safe light
Cause of white streaks or spots
Fixer came in contact with film before it was developed
Darkroom table contaminated w/fixer
Film clip contaminated w/ fixer
Cause for black streaks or spots
Drop of developing solution prematurely developed film
Dark brown or gray film
Film not properly fixed
Not left in fixer long enough
Fixing solution is weak from age or overuse
Brown yellowish stain
Insufficient rinsing after film is completely processed
Scratched film/PSP receptor
Laying film/receptor/sensor on unclean surface
Placing against sharp or pointed object
Finger prints
Touching film with fingers contaminated with developer
Thin black lines
Static electricity produced when the film was pulled out of the wrapping too fast
Partial image
Level of developer or fixer was too low to cover the entire film
Replenish solutions to proper levels or fasten films to lower clips on hanger
Causes for reversed film
Wrong side of film facing the tube
Herringbone pattern or other lead foiled pattern
Dot will be reversed when mounting
Causes of double exposure
Previously exposed receptor is re-exposed
Incorrect vertical receptor placement errors
Receptor is placed too high or low and spices or occlusal will not be present on receptor
Receptor should be placed 1/8-1/4” above or below the occlusal plane except for max bicuspid 1/4”
Horizontal receptor placement errors
Proper teeth may not be exposed on specific exposure
Causes of blurred images
Tube head moves slightly
Patients head moves
Causes of superimposed images
Failure to remove partial or denture
Rays can penetrate acrylic
Rays cannot penetrate metal
What is a phalangioma?
Finger superimposed over an image
