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ENR Biweekly 1 > Fields: Female Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

Fields: Female Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

prolapsed bladder
creates bulge in the anterior wall of vagina

A

Cystocele

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2
Q

prolapsed rectum
creates a bulge in the posterior wall of vagina

A

rectocele

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3
Q

cervix will be exteriorized into vestibule

A

prolapsed uterus

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4
Q

coccydnyia

A

tailbone pain

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5
Q
A

prolapsed bladder

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6
Q

uterine tube aka

A

Fallopian tube

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7
Q

what does the gubernaculum become in female

A

round ligament of uterus
round ligament of ovary

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8
Q

uterovesicular pouch separates what 2 things

A

bladder and uterus

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9
Q

rectouterine pouch (Pouch of douglas) separates what two thing

A

rectum and uterus

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10
Q

covers uterus anteriorly, superiorly, and posteriorly

A

mesometrium

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11
Q

b/t the uterine tube and round ligament of ovary (only viewed posteriorly)

A

Mesosalpinx

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12
Q

the mesosalpinx continues around the ovary (only viewed posteriorly)

A

Mesovarium

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13
Q

what holds the ovarian vessels

A

suspensory ligament

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14
Q

normally, fallopian tubes open up to where

A

peritoneum

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15
Q

the test to check for patent fallopian tubes

A

Hysterosalpingogram

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16
Q

structures next to the uterus

A

Adnexa structures

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17
Q

____ tumors are growths that may form on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and CT around the uterus, ovaries, or fallopian tubes

A

adnexal tumors

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18
Q

these tumors are most often benign, but can be malignant

A

adnexal tumors

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19
Q

used in pelvic organ prolapse repair

A

endopelvic fascia

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20
Q

___used in bladder prolapse repair

A

pubocervical fascia

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21
Q

structures at risk when using pubocervical fascia to repair bladder prolapse

A

superior/inferior vesicular a.

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22
Q

used in uterovaginal prolapse repairs

A

lateral cervical ligament

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23
Q

used in uterovaginal prolapse repairs

A

uterosacral ligament

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24
Q

structures at risk when repairing uterovaginal prolapse repairs

A

uterine a. and ureter

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25
Q

in prolapse repair, what is the endopelvic fascia pulled up and sutured into

A

Arcus tendineous

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26
Q

structures are risk when pulling up and suturing endopelvic fascia into acrus tendineous

A

obturator n,a,v

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27
Q

____takes its origin in arcus tendineous

A

Iliococcygeus

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28
Q

“water under the bridge” _____ under the ovarian and uterine vessels

A

ureter

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29
Q

arterial supply to female pelvis

A

ovarian
internal iliac
uterine

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30
Q

what is at risk during ligation in a hysterectomy

A

Ureter

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31
Q

branches of internal iliac a

A

uterine
vaginal
internal pudendal

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32
Q

arteries ligated in hysterectomy if not removing ovary

A

ovarian a
uterine a

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33
Q

what is ligated in hysterectomy if also removing ovary

A

suspensory ligament

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34
Q

this usually arises from dorsal aspect of aorta, but can sometimes come off anteriorly to common iliac vessels

A

median sacral artery

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35
Q

shallow depression on lateral wall of pelvis with these boundaries

A

Ovarian fossa

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36
Q

during an ovariectomy, what structures are at risk

A

ureter
obturator n.

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37
Q

normal uterine position

A

Anteflexed

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38
Q

uterine fundus over bladder
cervix points towards posterior fornix of vagina

A

anteflexed uterus

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39
Q

uterus presses the bladder, reducing its volume; more bathroom trips

A

excessive anteflexion of uterus

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40
Q

fundus of uterus in the rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)
cervix points toward the posterior fornix of the vagina; pain during coitus

A

retroflexed uterus

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41
Q

entire uterus tilted such that the mouth of cervix is pointed toward anterior fornix of vagina; pain during coitus

A

retroversion of uterus

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42
Q

lymphatic drainage of uterus, vagina, ovary

A

sacral, obturator nodes to internal iliac and up

43
Q

round ligament of uterus lymph drainage

A

superficial to deep inguinal nodes to external iliac and up

44
Q

mesenteric structures of female pelvis

A

upper 1/2 rectum
superior bladder
uterus
ovary

45
Q

retroperitoneal structures of female pelvis

A

bladder
cervix
vagina
rectum lower 1/2

46
Q

mesenteric structures receive innervation from what

A

sympathetics (L1-L2)

47
Q

retroperitoneal structures receive what innervation

A

parasympathetic that travel on pelvic splanchnics (S2-4)

48
Q

preganglionic lumbar and sacral splanchnics synapse where

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

49
Q

postganglionic sympathetics synapse where

A

pelvic organs

50
Q

only parasympathetic nerve that leaves inferior hypogastric plexus and goes to enteric ganglia

A

cavernous n.

52
Q

UG diaphragm contains what

A

sphincter urethra muscle

53
Q

provides foundation for external genitalia

A

inferior fascia of UG diaphragm (perineal membrane)

54
Q

boundaries of UG triangle in female

55
Q

contents of female UG triangle

A

vulva (external genitalia)
Pudendal n branches
internal pudendal a branches

56
Q

skene’s glands homologous to what in male

A

prostate gland

57
Q
A

Clitoris
labia majora
labia minora

58
Q

greater vestibular/Bartholin’s glands homologous to what in males

A

bulbourethral/cowper’s glands

59
Q

blood supply to Skene’s glands

A

internal pudendal a

60
Q

where do skene’s glands drain

A

superficial inguinal and pelvic nodes

61
Q

innervation to skenes glands

A

pudendal n

62
Q
A

Skene’s glands

63
Q
64
Q

boundaries of anal triangle

65
Q

contents of anal triangle

A

anus
external anal sphincter
pudendal n branches
internal pudendal a branches

66
Q

area in male and females filled with a lot of fat in anal triangle

A

Ischiorectal fossa

67
Q

anal glands can become blocked and cause what

A

perianal abscess and infection

68
Q

infection in perianal region can spread where

A

anterior recess

69
Q
A

perianal abscess that spreads to anterior recess

70
Q

deep pouch contains

A

UG diaphragm–sphincter urethra m.

71
Q

superficial pouch contains

A

external genitalia

72
Q

female contents of superficial pouch

A

clitoris
labia majora and minora
crus of clitoris

73
Q

“crus”

A

corpus cavernosum and fills with blood during erection in males and females

74
Q

muscle that covers crus (corpus cavernosum) of males and females

A

ischiocavernosus m

75
Q

muscle that covers bulb (corpus spongiosum) in male and females

A

bulbospongiosum m.

76
Q

roof of superficial pouch and floor of deep pouch

A

perineal membrane

77
Q

homologous structure of male and female and one is in deep pouch while the other is in superficial pouch

A

Cowper’s gland in males in deep pouch
Greater Vestibular (Bartholin’s) gland in superficial pouch in females

78
Q

blood supply to greater vestibular gland

A

external pudendal a

79
Q

where does the greater vestibular gland drain

A

superficial inguinal and pelvic nodes

80
Q

innervation of greater vestibular gland

A

pudendal n

81
Q

contents of superficial pouch

A

branches of perineal n
branches of internal pudendal a

82
Q
A

inflamed Bartholin’s gland (vulvar vestibulitis)

83
Q

contents of deep pouch of UG triangle

A

membranous urethra
vagina
sphincter urethra m
deep transverse perineal m

84
Q

what innervates deep pouch contents of male and female

A

perineal branch of pudendal n

85
Q

somatic S2-4

A

Pudendal n

86
Q

parasympathetic S2-4

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

87
Q

branch of pudendal n in deep pouch that is pure sensory to clitoris

88
Q

branch of pudendal n. in the superficial pouch and deep pouch; motor to all skeletal muscles of the UG triangle

A

Perineal n.

89
Q

branch of pudendal n. in the anal triangle; motor to external anal sphincter and sensory to anal area

A

inferior rectal n.

90
Q
A

Pudendal n. neuralgia

91
Q

innervates external anal sphincter

A

inferior rectal n

92
Q

innervates glans penis and clitoris

93
Q

innervates muscles of penis and clitoris and UG diaphragm

A

Perineal n.

94
Q
A

Pudendal n. neuralgia

95
Q

used for vaginal delivery or pudendal nerve neuralgia (pain)

A

Pudendal n. block

96
Q

blood supply to deep pouch of UG triangle

A

internal pudendal a

97
Q

blood supply to superficial pouch of UG triangle

A

external pudendal a

98
Q

2 routes for drainage from perineum

A
  1. internal iliac nodes to common to preaortic and up
  2. superficial inguinal to deep to external iliac and up
99
Q

Labia Majora homologous structure in males

100
Q

labia minora homologous structures in males

A

skin of penis shaft

101
Q

clitoris homologous structure in males

A

glans penis

102
Q

bulb of vestibule homologous structure in males

A

bulb of penis

103
Q

paraurethral (Skene’s glands) homologous structure in males

A

prostate gland

104
Q

vestibular glands (Bartholin’s glands) homologous structure in males

A

bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s glands)

ENR Biweekly 1 (11 decks)

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