Balczon- Principles of Endocrine Control Flashcards
integrates nervous and endocrine system
pituitary gland
hypophysis
arrows
top L: Pars Tuberalis
middle L: Pars Intermedia
bottom L: Pars Distalis
top R: infundibulum
bottom R: Pars Nervosa
Pars Distalis
Pars Distalis- Acidophils
Pars Distalis
what releases hormones rather than neurotransmitters in Pars Nervosa at end of axons
Herring Bodies
____ consists of unmyelinated axons
Pars Nervosa
Pars Nervosa
pituitary gland aka
Hypophysis
responses of endocrine system cells are dependent on what of cells
phenotype of cells
ligand retained w/in membrane of signaling cell
cell contact dependent communication
ligand released into blood and travels far
endocrine communication
____ type of paracrine signaling is targeted and ends on cell that will be activated
synaptic
____ type of paracrine signaling is self-signaling when ligand is released
autocrine
part of ovary that produces progesterone
corpus luteum
ductless glands
endocrine glands
step ladder into tubular cristae that does not contain secretory granules
mitochondria
contains secretory granules
golgi
well developed synthetic machinery
fenestrated capillaries
ductless
endocrine glands
cells of hypothalamus
neuroendocrine (axon that has release of hormones)
2 main parts of hypophysis (pituitary gland)
neurohypophysis (neural)
adenohypophysis (glandular)
part of pituitary gland that forms from neural tube
neurohypophysis
part of pituitary gland that forms from oral ectoderm and Reshke’s pouch
adenohypophysis
2 main nuclei that send signals from hypothalamus to pars nervosa of pituitary gland
supraoptic nucleus
paraventricular nucleus
3 parts of adenohypophysis
pars distalis
pars tuberalis
pars intermedia
3 parts of neurohypophysis
infundibulum
median eminence
pars nervosa
where is the hypothalamohypophyseal tract
infundibulum
neurohypophysis is _____ pituitary
posterior
adenohypophysis is ____ pituitary
anterior
composed of lots of unmyelinated axons that arise from neuroendocrine cells in hypothalamus (paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei)
Pars Nervosa
where do the axons of the 2 main nuclei from hypothalamus end and produce what
on capillaries and produce hormones
this hormone causes contraction of myometrium of uteris and myoepithelial cells in mammary gland
oxytocin
this hormone targets collecting duct in kidney and smooth muscle in blood vessel walls
ADH/vasopressin
steps of breast feeding
suckle
sensory cortex in brain
hypothalamus (2 nuclei)
secrete oxytocin
enters circulatory system through fenestrated capillaries
goes to breast and causes milk discharge
site where all the other neuroendocrine cells terminate (produce regulatory hormones)
median eminence
cell types of pars distalis
chromophobes
chromophiles
2 acidophils
mammatrophs
somatotrophs
3 basophils
thyrotrophs
corticotrophs
gonadotrophs
produces prolactin
mammatrophs
produces somatotropin
somatotrophs
produces TSH
thyrotrophs
produces ACTH
corticotrophs
produces FSH and LH
gonadotrophs
stimulates follicle growth in ovary
FSH
acts on sertoli cells and has ABP that binds testosterone and increases level of sperm production
FSH
leads to follicle maturation and ovulation
LH
acts on Leydig cell and causes production of testosterone
LH
produces releasing and inhibiting factors
median eminence
prolactin inhibitory factor
dopamine
somatotropin inhibitory factor
somatostatin
has same function as pars distalis
pars tuberalis
non-functional in adults and is a development remnant of Reshke’s pouch
pars intermedia
when you are cold, how does your body heat up by endocrine system
TSH released by pars distalis and acts on thyroid; T3 and T4 released and increase metabolic rate (increase heat production)