Fibres Flashcards

1
Q

Name two manufactured fibre types

A
  1. Regenerated

2. Synthetic

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2
Q

Name two natural plant fibres

A
  1. Cotton

2. Linen

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3
Q

Name two natural animals fibres

A
  1. Wool
  2. Silk
  3. Mohair
  4. Cashmere
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4
Q

Name two regenerated fibres

A
  1. Viscose

2. Acetate

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5
Q

Name two synthetic fibres

A
  1. Acrylic
  2. Elastane
  3. Nylon
  4. Polyester
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6
Q

Name properties and facts of cotton

A
Breathable 
Absorbent 
Creases easily 
Comfortable 
Soft handle 
Good drape
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7
Q

Name properties and facts of linen

A
Strong
Durable 
Absorbent 
Easily creased 
Stiff 
Good drape 
Cool to wear
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8
Q

Name properties and facts of wool

A
Breathable 
Medium strength 
Natural stretch 
Good drape 
Hydrophobic 
Hydrophilic
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9
Q

Name properties and facts of silk (cultivated)

A
Soft handle 
Crease resistant 
Absorbent
Strong 
Durable  
Good insulator 
Cool
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10
Q

Name properties and facts of silk (wild)

A
Coarse 
Rustic 
Heavier 
Absorbent 
Harsh handle
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11
Q

Name properties and facts of mohair

A
Soft 
Good thermal insulator 
Crease resistant 
Expensive 
Durable
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12
Q

Name properties and facts of cashmere

A

Luxurious handle
Good thermal insulator
Crease resistant
Expensive

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13
Q

Name properties and facts of viscose

A
Absorbent 
Breathable 
Not very insulating 
Low strength when wet 
Creases easily 
Not expensive 
Shrinks
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14
Q

Name properties and facts of acetate

A
Low absorbency 
Prone to static 
Naturally breathable 
Low warmth 
Creases easily 
Thermoplastic 
Soft handle
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15
Q

Name properties and facts of acrylic

A
Low absorbency - dries quicker 
Prone to static 
Good strength 
Crease resistant 
Warm 
Thermoplastic
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16
Q

Name properties and facts of elastane

A

High stretch
Crease resistant
Absorbent
Enhances drape always covered by another yarn

17
Q

Name properties and facts of nylon

A
Inexpensive 
Non absorbent
Strong 
Durable 
Good elasticity 
Thermoplastic 
Hydrophobic
18
Q

Name properties and facts of polyester

A
Non absorbent 
Strong 
Durable 
Good elasticity 
Hydrophobic 
Thermoplastic
19
Q

Name two natural fibre types

A
  1. Plant/cellulose

2. Animal/protein

20
Q

Plant cellulose properties

A

Tend to be strong
Good at absorbing moisture - taking a long time to dry
Can be washed and ironed at high temperatures
Crease badly and shrink
Easily set alight

21
Q

What does electrostatic charge mean

A

If a fibre contains ‘static’ it will be clingy and not drape well. Synthetic fibres are prone to this.

22
Q

Words to use when you are describing fibre properties

A

Strength, extensibility, elasticity, fineness, electrostatic charge, lustre, thermal insulation, flammability, moisture absorption, shrinkage.

23
Q

Name two stages in which fibres can be blended.

A

During staple yarn production, by blending different types of fibres
During fabric production, by mixing yarns made from different fibres or filaments.

24
Q

What are the main reasons for blending fibres?

A

Reduce the cost
Give different effects in the texture and handle
To make the fabric stronger
To make the fabric easier to care for
To make them become more crease resistant
To allow fabrics to be heat set
To make specific qualities for the end use.

25
Q

Name some popular blends?

A
Polyester and cotton,
Wool and nylon, 
Cotton and Lycra, 
Silk and polyester, 
polyester, wool and Lycra.
26
Q

Why would you make a polyester and cotton blend?

A

Polyester helps cancel out shrinkage, creasing and slow drying, while the cotton makes the fabric better at absorbing moisture and feel nicer next to the skin.

27
Q

Viscose is typically used in blends because…?

A

Reduce the price as it’s cheap to produce,

Make the product more absorbent and softer handle.

28
Q

What is a fibre blend?

A

Blending is achieved by spinning two or more fibres into one yarn.

29
Q

What is a microfibre?

A

A synthetic fibre manufactured to less than one denier. This is nearly 60 times as thin as a human hair.