Fetal/Neonatal Immunity Flashcards
The immune system is ________ formed at birth.
The immune system is fully formed at birth.
Newborn mammals are temporarily protected against infection by
Newborn mammals are temporarily protected against infection by transfer of immunoglobulins from mother
Immunoglobulins are dervived from mother by ________________ or by ___________.
Immunoglobulins are dervived from mother by direct transfer across the placenta or by ingestion of colostrum.
___________ provides a constant supply of immunoglobulins
Milk provides a constant supply of immunoglobulins
Vaccine protocols in newborn mammals must take into account
Vaccine protocols in newborn mammals must take into account the inability to generate antibody response
Development of the immune system is driven by gradual increase in use of ________ or ___________ to increase antibody diversity.
Development of the immune system is driven by gradual increase in use of gene conversion or somatic mutation to increase antibody diversity.
At birth adaptive and innate immunity exist however ______________ is critical for survival the first weeks of life.
At birth adaptive and innate immunity exist however innate immunity is critical for survival the first weeks of life.
Development of the newborn immune system is greatly driven by ____________.
Development of the newborn immune system is greatly driven by intestinal microflora.
______________ is the idea that development of allergies is influenced by microbial exposure early in life.
Hygiene Hypothesis is the idea that development of allergies is influenced by microbial exposure early in life.
Newborns mount adaptive immune responses that are in favor of _________ cells.
Newborns mount adaptive immune responses that are in favor of Th2 cells.
Colostrum is rich in _______ and ________.
Colostrum is rich in IgG and IgA.
Primate milk _______ predominates.
Primate milk IgA predominates.
Milk from pigs and horses ________ predominates.
Milk from pigs and horses IgA predominates.
Ruminant milk ________ predominates.
Ruminant milk IgG predominates.
Permeability of the intestine is ___________ immediately after birth.
Permeability of the intestine is highest immediately after birth.
Passive transfer can fail when
Premature birth > dam has not formed colostrum
Premature lactation
Failure of the neonate to suckle
Neonate unable to absorb colostrum
Local immunity
Intestinal lymphoid tissues of neonatal mammal respond rapidly to ingested antigens
Systemic Immunity
Antibodies acquired by young animal
In the chicken _______ is secreted into the yolk
In the chicken IgY is secreted into the yolk
In the chicken ______ and ______ are secreted into albumin
In the chicken IgM and IgA are secreted into albumin
A chick obtains maternal antibodies by
A chick obtains maternal antibodies by ** absorbing the yolk as it develops within the egg**
When chick is born, _______ if found in the bloodstream.
When chick is born, IgY if found in the bloodstream.
When the chick is born _______ and _______ are found in the intestine.
When the chick is born IgM and IgA are found in the intestine.
Vaccine protocols for newborn mammals because
Vaccine protocols for newborn mammals because maternal antibodies inhibit neonatal immunoglobulin synthesis
