Femoral triangle and anteromedial thigh Flashcards
What are the compartments of the thigh?
Anterior Medial Posterior
What is the connective tissue of the leg?
Fascia lata
What is the opening in the fascia lata and what goes through it?
Saphenous opening, great saphenous vein
What is the clinical implication of the saphenous opening?
The femoral ring is a weak area of the lower abdominal wall and where a hernia can occur. If the femoral hernia extends beyond the femoral canal through the saphenous opening then theres a risk of strangulation -> ischemia of the tissue and necrosis.
What are the bones of the pelvis?
Ilium Ischium Pubis
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?
Pectineus Iliopsoas Iliacus Psoas major Tensor fascia lata Sartorius Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis
What are the medial thigh muscles?
Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Obturator externus
Describe the borders of the femoral triangle?
Sup; Inguanal ligament Medial; Adductor longus Lateral; Sartorius Roof; Fascia lata Floor; Iliopsoas and pectineus
What does the femoral triangle become?
Adductor canal (Extension of the femoral sheath)




















What creates the compartments of the leg?
Fascia lata and iliotibial band/tract help form ant. compartment. Deep fascia/ lateral intermuscular septa.
What is found in the femoral traingle?
Femoral nerve and the femoral sheath
What is found in the femoral sheath?
Femoral art, vein and lymphatics. Medial part of the femoral sheath contains the femoral canal (sub compartment, proximal end is called the femoral ring)
What is the acronym for structures in the femoral triangle?
N-AVL
Describe the femoral nerve;
Formed in psoas major from L2-4 contributions. Supplies the hip flexors and knee extensors.
Describe the adductor canal;
Allows passage of femoral vessels into popliteal fossa through adductor hiatus.
What are the clinical applications of the femoral traingle?
Femoral pulse
Cannulation of femoral vein
Femoral nerve block
Femoral hernia
What is the use of the femoral artery in the femoral traingle?
Femoral pulse
Arterial blood samples when peripheral cant be obtained.
Cardiac angiography.
Describe femoral nerve block;
Following hip or femoral fractures the femoral nerve block can be used to avoid large amounts of oral or intravenous analgesics.