Femoral triangle and anteromedial thigh

Question 1

What are the compartments of the thigh?

Answer 1

Anterior Medial Posterior

Question 2

What is the connective tissue of the leg?

Answer 2

Fascia lata

Question 3

What is the opening in the fascia lata and what goes through it?

Answer 3

Saphenous opening, great saphenous vein

Question 4

What is the clinical implication of the saphenous opening?

Answer 4

The femoral ring is a weak area of the lower abdominal wall and where a hernia can occur. If the femoral hernia extends beyond the femoral canal through the saphenous opening then theres a risk of strangulation -> ischemia of the tissue and necrosis.

Question 5

What are the bones of the pelvis?

Answer 5

Ilium Ischium Pubis

Question 6

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment?

Answer 6

Pectineus Iliopsoas Iliacus Psoas major Tensor fascia lata Sartorius Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis

Question 7

What are the medial thigh muscles?

Answer 7

Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Gracilis Obturator externus

Question 8

Describe the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 8

Sup; Inguanal ligament Medial; Adductor longus Lateral; Sartorius Roof; Fascia lata Floor; Iliopsoas and pectineus

Question 9

What does the femoral triangle become?

Answer 9

Adductor canal (Extension of the femoral sheath)

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

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Question 12

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Question 13

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Question 14

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Question 15

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Question 16

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Question 17

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Question 18

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Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

What creates the compartments of the leg?

Answer 20

Fascia lata and iliotibial band/tract help form ant. compartment. Deep fascia/ lateral intermuscular septa.

Question 21

What is found in the femoral traingle?

Answer 21

Femoral nerve and the femoral sheath

Question 22

What is found in the femoral sheath?

Answer 22

Femoral art, vein and lymphatics. Medial part of the femoral sheath contains the femoral canal (sub compartment, proximal end is called the femoral ring)

Question 23

What is the acronym for structures in the femoral triangle?

Answer 23

N-AVL

Question 24

Describe the femoral nerve;

Answer 24

Formed in psoas major from L2-4 contributions. Supplies the hip flexors and knee extensors.

Question 25

Describe the adductor canal;

Answer 25

Allows passage of femoral vessels into popliteal fossa through adductor hiatus.

Question 26

What are the clinical applications of the femoral traingle?

Answer 26

Femoral pulse Cannulation of femoral vein Femoral nerve block Femoral hernia

Question 27

What is the use of the femoral artery in the femoral traingle?

Answer 27

Femoral pulse Arterial blood samples when peripheral cant be obtained. Cardiac angiography.

Question 28

Describe femoral nerve block;

Answer 28

Following hip or femoral fractures the femoral nerve block can be used to avoid large amounts of oral or intravenous analgesics.