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Lecom pathology year 2 > female genital system and gestation- chapter 22 > Flashcards

female genital system and gestation- chapter 22 Flashcards

1
Q

what age group do bartholin cysts typically occur

A

reproductive age

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2
Q

describe the lesion with bartholin cysts

A

unilateral, painful cystic lesion

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3
Q

where do bartholin cysts typically occur

A

lower vestibule adjacent to vaginal canal

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4
Q

what is the term for thinning of the epidermis and fibrosis of dermis of vulva

A

lichen sclerosis

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5
Q

describe the skin of the vulva with lichen sclerosis

A

leukoplakia with parchment-like vulvar skin

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6
Q

who is lichen sclerosis most common in

A

post-menopausal women

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7
Q

what cancer is lichen sclerosis have a slightly increased risk of

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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8
Q

describe the vulva with lichen simplex chronicus

A

leukoplakia with thick leathery vulvar skin

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9
Q

what clinical presentations are associated with lichen simplex chronicus

A

associated with chronic irritation and scratching

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10
Q

describe the lab findings with paget cells in extramammary disease

A

PAS+, Keratin + and S100-

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11
Q

what is the term for focal persistence of columnar epithelium in the upper 1/3 of the vagina

A

adenosis

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12
Q

what exposure to many women who have adenosis previously have

A

DES in utero

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13
Q

what cancer are people with adenosis more at risk for

A

clear cell adenocarcinoma

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14
Q

what does the IHC staining stain positive for with embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma

A

desmin and myoglobin

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15
Q

what is the precursor lesion for vaginal carcinoma

A

VIN (vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia)

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16
Q

what does the E6 of HPV destroy

A

p53

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17
Q

what does the E7 of HPV destroy

A

Rb

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18
Q

how does cervical carcinoma present

A

vaginal bleeding

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19
Q

what hormone drives endometrial growth

A

estrogen

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20
Q

what hormone preps the endometrium for implantation

A

progesterone

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21
Q

what is the term for secondary amenorrhea due to loss of basalis and scarring

A

asherman syndrome

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22
Q

what is Asherman syndrome the result of

A

overaggressive dilation and curettage (D and C)

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23
Q

what cells is chronic endometritis characterized by

A

plasma cells

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24
Q

how does chronic endometritis present

A

abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain and infertility

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25
what drug can cause endometrial polyps as side effect
tamoxifen
26
what disorder should be considered when you see gun powder lesions
endometriosis
27
what disorder should be considered when you see ovary- chocolate cyst
endometriosis
28
what is endometrial hyperplasia the consequence of
unopposed estrogen
29
how does endometrial hyperplasia present
post-menopausal uterine bleeding
30
how does endometrial carcinoma present
post menopausal bleeding
31
what should you think of when you see white worled masses
leiomyoma
32
what type of tumors are most common in the ovary
surface epithelium tumors
33
who are cyst adenomas most common in
pre-menopausal women (30-40)
34
describe the liming with cystadenocarcinoma
complex cysts with thick, shaggy lining
35
who is cystadenocarcinoma most common in
post menopausal women (60-70)
36
what is a useful surface marker for surface tumors of ovary
CA-125
37
what age do women typically get germ cell tumors
reproductive age
38
what is cystic teratoma of ovary composed of
fetal tissue derived from 2-3 embryologic layers
39
what is the term for a cystic teratoma composed primarily of thyroid tissue
struma ovarii
40
what may be elevated with dysgerminoma of ovary
LDH
41
what will youu see on histo of yolk sac tumor
increased serum AFP
42
what is the clinical presentation with ectopic pregnancy
lower quadrant abdominal pain weeks after missed period
43
what is the term for implantation of placenta in lower uterine segment
placenta previa
44
what are the common signs of preeclampsia
HTN, proteinuria and edema; arises in 3rd trimester
45
what does HELLP stand for with regards to eclampsia
hemolysis, increased liver enzymes, low platelets
46
what is the appearance of a hydatiform mole on ultrasound
snow storm
47
What infection of the lower genital tract should you consider when there is ground glass apperance
HSV
48
What causes molluscum contagiosum
Pix virus
49
What areas of the body does molluscum contagiosum most commonly affect
Trunk, arms and legs
50
What is the diagnostic characteristic with molluscum contagiosum
Pearly, dome-shaped papules
51
Describe the cervix with trichomonas vaginalis
Frothy, strawberry cervix
52
Describe the findings with Gardnerella vaginalis
Gram negative bacillus, fishy odor, clue cells
53
What is gardnerella vaginalis implicated in
Premature labor
54
What does bartholin cyst result from
Obstruction of the duct by inflammatory process
55
Describe the surface of the vulva with lichen sclerosis
Porcelain or parchment
56
Who is lichen sclerosis most common in
Postmenopausal women
57
What mutation is common in keratinizing squamous cell in vulva
TP53 mutations (not HPV)
58
What does septate/double vagina arise from
Failure of Müllerian duct fusion
59
Describe the appearance in the secretory phase in the endometrium
Saw tooth appearance
60
What does the corpus luteum make
Progesterone
61
What is the cardinal feature found in non-atypical hyperplasia
Increase in gland to stroma ratio
62
What is the most common invasive tumor of the female genital tract
Endometrial carcinoma
63
What is the most common mutation in type 1 endometrial carcinoma
PI3K/AKT pathway increased signaling
64
What is the most common mutation in type 2 endometrial carcinoma
TP53
65
What tumors of the endometrium are estrogen sensitive and respond to oophorectomy
Adenoma Roma
66
What mutation is common in leiomyosarcomas
MED12 mutations
67
Who do benign and borderline stromal ovarian tumors most commonly occur in
Age 20-24
68
What are the cysts of the serous type epithelial stroma tumors of ovarian lined with
Columnar epithelium
69
What type of surface epithelial stromal ovarian tumors has psammoma bodies (concentric calcifications0
Serious type
70
What do yolk sac tumors respond well to
Combination chemotherapy
71
What is included in meigs syndrome
Ovarian tumor, hydrothorax and ascites
72
How does fibroma present
Pelvic mass
73
What tumor should you think of when you see call-Exner bodies
Granulosa-theca cell sex cord tumor
74
What mutation is common in sertoli-keydic cell tumors
DICER1 mutation

Lecom pathology year 2 (18 decks)

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