chapter 25- skin Flashcards
what layer of the skin is the stem cell layer
basal layer
what layer of the skin has the desmosomes
spinosum
what layer of the skin has agranulate cells (anucleate cells)
corneum
what type of hypersensitivity is contact dermatitis with exposure to poison ivy and nickel jewelry
type 4 HSR
what is the term for well-circumscribed, salmon-colored plaques with silvery scale
psoriasis
where does psoriasis usually occur
extensor surfaces and scalp
what is the common environmental trigger of psoriasis
trauma
what is the term for pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules
lichen planes
where is commonly involved in lichen plants
wrists, elbows and oral mucosa
what chronic infection is associated with lichen plants
chronic hepatitis c
what is the term for autoimmune destruction of desmosomes
pemphigus vulgaris
what antibodies are formed in pemphigus vulgaris
IgG Antibodies against desmoglein
what is the term for autoimmune destruction of hemidesmosomes
bulls pemphigoid
what type of immunofluorescence is seen with bulls pemphigoid
linear
what is the term for autoimmune destruction of IgA at tips of dermal papillae
dermatitis herpetiformis
what disease is strongly associated with dermatitis herpetiformis
celiac disease
what infection is erythema multiform most commonly associated with
HSV
what should you think of with lesler-trelat sign
seborrheic keratosis
what carcinoma does leser-trelat sign suggest
underlying carcinoma of GI tract
what areas of the body are often involved in acanthuses nigricans
groin or axilla
what is acanthuses nigricans most often associated with
insulin resistance or malignancy
what is the classic location of basal cell carcinoma
upper lip
what is the usual location of squamous cell carcinoma
usually on face, classically involving lower lip
what is the precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
actinic keratosis
what are melanocytes derived from
neural crest
what is vitiligo due to
autoimmune destruction of melanocytes
what enzyme is defective in albinism
tyrosinase
what is melasma associated with
pregnancy and oral contraceptives
where does acroy lentiginous melanoma occur
mostly on palms or soles in dark skin individuals (not related to UV light exposure)
what is the cause of molluscum contagious
pox virus
Traumatic lesion breaking the epidermis and causing a raw linear area; often self-induced
Excoriation
Thickened, rough skin;usually the result of repeated rubbing
Lichenification
Circumscribed, flat lesion distinguished from surrounding skin by color
Macule, patch
Separation of nail plate from nail bed
Onycholysis
Elevated, dome shaped or flat topped lesion.
Papule or nodule
Discrete, pus-filled raised lesion
Pustule
Dry, horny, platelike excrescence; usually result of imperfect cornification
Scale
Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia
Acanthodians
Abnormal, premature keratinization within cells below stratum granulosum
Dyskeratosis
Hyperplasia of stratum granulosu, often due to intense rubbing
Hypergranulosis
Linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer
Lentiginous
Surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae
Papillomatosis
Intercellular edema of epidermis
Spongiosis
Loss of intercellular cohesion between keratinocytes
Acantholysis
Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia
Acanthodians
What is the most often acquired activating mutation with melanocytic Nevus
Ras signaling pathway
What do individual with dysplastic nevus syndrome have inherited loss of function mutations of
CDKN2A
What nevus has the diagnostic architectural feature of non-nested dermal infiltration, often with associated fibrosis
Blue nevus
What activating mutation is common with seborrheic keratoses
FGFR3
What can be described as round, flat, coinlike, waxy plaques that vary in diameter
Seborrheic keratoses
Where do accrine poroma adenexal tumors occur
Predominantly on palms and soles where sweat glands are high
Where does cylindrical adnexal tumors primarily occur
Forehead and scalp
Where do syringomas typically occur
Lower eyelids
What are sebaceous adenomas associated with internal malignancy
Muir-torre syndrome
What does sebaceous carcinoma arise from
Meibomian glands of eyelids
What is it called when actinic keratosis involved the lips
Actinic checklist is
What skin layer is mostly involved with actinic keratosis
Stratum corneum
What activating mutation is associated with basal cell carcinoma
Hedgehog pathway signaling
What cells are primarily involved in mycosis fungoides
CD4+ T cells
What is defective with icthyosis
Defective desquamation
What type of hypersensitivity is urticaria
Type 1
What cells are most responsible for erythema multiforme
Skin-homing CD8+ cytotoxic T cells
What is the term for bleeding points when scale is lifted from plaque in psoriasis
Auspitz sign
What sohuld you think of with colloid/civatte bodies
Lichen planus
What antibodies are present with bulbous pemphigoid
Antibodies against BPAG2 (part of hemidesmosome)
What are the typical sites of involvement for bullous pemphigoid
Inner aspect of thighs, flexor surfaces of forearms, axillae, groin and lower abdomen
What is the term form inflammatory reaction in subcutaneous adipose tissue taht may preferentially affect the lobules of fat or the CT that separates fat into lobules
Panniculitis
