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Lecom pathology year 2 > chapter 25- skin > Flashcards

chapter 25- skin Flashcards

1
Q

what layer of the skin is the stem cell layer

A

basal layer

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2
Q

what layer of the skin has the desmosomes

A

spinosum

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3
Q

what layer of the skin has agranulate cells (anucleate cells)

A

corneum

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4
Q

what type of hypersensitivity is contact dermatitis with exposure to poison ivy and nickel jewelry

A

type 4 HSR

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5
Q

what is the term for well-circumscribed, salmon-colored plaques with silvery scale

A

psoriasis

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6
Q

where does psoriasis usually occur

A

extensor surfaces and scalp

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7
Q

what is the common environmental trigger of psoriasis

A

trauma

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8
Q

what is the term for pruritic, planar, polygonal, purple papules

A

lichen planes

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9
Q

where is commonly involved in lichen plants

A

wrists, elbows and oral mucosa

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10
Q

what chronic infection is associated with lichen plants

A

chronic hepatitis c

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11
Q

what is the term for autoimmune destruction of desmosomes

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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12
Q

what antibodies are formed in pemphigus vulgaris

A

IgG Antibodies against desmoglein

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13
Q

what is the term for autoimmune destruction of hemidesmosomes

A

bulls pemphigoid

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14
Q

what type of immunofluorescence is seen with bulls pemphigoid

A

linear

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15
Q

what is the term for autoimmune destruction of IgA at tips of dermal papillae

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

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16
Q

what disease is strongly associated with dermatitis herpetiformis

A

celiac disease

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17
Q

what infection is erythema multiform most commonly associated with

A

HSV

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18
Q

what should you think of with lesler-trelat sign

A

seborrheic keratosis

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19
Q

what carcinoma does leser-trelat sign suggest

A

underlying carcinoma of GI tract

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20
Q

what areas of the body are often involved in acanthuses nigricans

A

groin or axilla

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21
Q

what is acanthuses nigricans most often associated with

A

insulin resistance or malignancy

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22
Q

what is the classic location of basal cell carcinoma

A

upper lip

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23
Q

what is the usual location of squamous cell carcinoma

A

usually on face, classically involving lower lip

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24
Q

what is the precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

A

actinic keratosis

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25
Q

what are melanocytes derived from

A

neural crest

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26
Q

what is vitiligo due to

A

autoimmune destruction of melanocytes

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27
Q

what enzyme is defective in albinism

A

tyrosinase

28
Q

what is melasma associated with

A

pregnancy and oral contraceptives

29
Q

where does acroy lentiginous melanoma occur

A

mostly on palms or soles in dark skin individuals (not related to UV light exposure)

30
Q

what is the cause of molluscum contagious

A

pox virus

31
Q

Traumatic lesion breaking the epidermis and causing a raw linear area; often self-induced

A

Excoriation

32
Q

Thickened, rough skin;usually the result of repeated rubbing

A

Lichenification

33
Q

Circumscribed, flat lesion distinguished from surrounding skin by color

A

Macule, patch

34
Q

Separation of nail plate from nail bed

A

Onycholysis

35
Q

Elevated, dome shaped or flat topped lesion.

A

Papule or nodule

36
Q

Discrete, pus-filled raised lesion

A

Pustule

37
Q

Dry, horny, platelike excrescence; usually result of imperfect cornification

A

Scale

38
Q

Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

A

Acanthodians

39
Q

Abnormal, premature keratinization within cells below stratum granulosum

A

Dyskeratosis

40
Q

Hyperplasia of stratum granulosu, often due to intense rubbing

A

Hypergranulosis

41
Q

Linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer

A

Lentiginous

42
Q

Surface elevation caused by hyperplasia and enlargement of contiguous dermal papillae

A

Papillomatosis

43
Q

Intercellular edema of epidermis

A

Spongiosis

44
Q

Loss of intercellular cohesion between keratinocytes

A

Acantholysis

45
Q

Diffuse epidermal hyperplasia

A

Acanthodians

46
Q

What is the most often acquired activating mutation with melanocytic Nevus

A

Ras signaling pathway

47
Q

What do individual with dysplastic nevus syndrome have inherited loss of function mutations of

A

CDKN2A

48
Q

What nevus has the diagnostic architectural feature of non-nested dermal infiltration, often with associated fibrosis

A

Blue nevus

49
Q

What activating mutation is common with seborrheic keratoses

A

FGFR3

50
Q

What can be described as round, flat, coinlike, waxy plaques that vary in diameter

A

Seborrheic keratoses

51
Q

Where do accrine poroma adenexal tumors occur

A

Predominantly on palms and soles where sweat glands are high

52
Q

Where does cylindrical adnexal tumors primarily occur

A

Forehead and scalp

53
Q

Where do syringomas typically occur

A

Lower eyelids

54
Q

What are sebaceous adenomas associated with internal malignancy

A

Muir-torre syndrome

55
Q

What does sebaceous carcinoma arise from

A

Meibomian glands of eyelids

56
Q

What is it called when actinic keratosis involved the lips

A

Actinic checklist is

57
Q

What skin layer is mostly involved with actinic keratosis

A

Stratum corneum

58
Q

What activating mutation is associated with basal cell carcinoma

A

Hedgehog pathway signaling

59
Q

What cells are primarily involved in mycosis fungoides

A

CD4+ T cells

60
Q

What is defective with icthyosis

A

Defective desquamation

61
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is urticaria

A

Type 1

62
Q

What cells are most responsible for erythema multiforme

A

Skin-homing CD8+ cytotoxic T cells

63
Q

What is the term for bleeding points when scale is lifted from plaque in psoriasis

A

Auspitz sign

64
Q

What sohuld you think of with colloid/civatte bodies

A

Lichen planus

65
Q

What antibodies are present with bulbous pemphigoid

A

Antibodies against BPAG2 (part of hemidesmosome)

66
Q

What are the typical sites of involvement for bullous pemphigoid

A

Inner aspect of thighs, flexor surfaces of forearms, axillae, groin and lower abdomen

67
Q

What is the term form inflammatory reaction in subcutaneous adipose tissue taht may preferentially affect the lobules of fat or the CT that separates fat into lobules

A

Panniculitis

Lecom pathology year 2 (18 decks)

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