Female Athlete Triad Flashcards
What are the three parts of the Female Athlete Triad
- Eating Disorder
- Amenorrhea
- Osteoporosis
What are signs to alert medical providers that a female may be suffering from the female athlete triad
- Fatigue
- Anemia
- Electrolyte Imbalance
- Depression
Define Amenorrhea
- Delayed onset of menarche or cessation of menses for at least 3 consecutive cycles
What is a Luteal Phase Defect
- Ovarian system functions at a level adequate for ovulation, but inadequate for implantation
- Most common menstrual cycle abnormality
- Specifically associated with exercise
What is Oligomenorrhea
- Defined by irregular and inconsistent cycles lasting 36-90 days
- Normal cycle 26-32 days
- Blood draw required to detect this; Increase in Progestin hormone
Why does amenorrhea occur
- Usually d/t caloric restriction combined with increased activity
- Can result in Decrease in function and Decrease in Estrogen
What are some physical consequences of Hypoestrogenism
- Major cause of bone loss in women regardless of age
- Correlated to an increased risk for Cardiovascular Disease
What are some treatment options for Amenorrhea
- Increase caloric intake and decrease training
- Estrogen replacement therapy (birth control)
- Hormone replacement therapy not recommended
What is Lanugo
- Very fine, soft hair
- Tell tale sign for chronic eating disorder
What is Anorexia Athletica
- Term used to distinguish between pathological anorexia and eating disorders associated with training and sports performance
Compare and Contrast Osteopenia and Osteoporosis
- Both result in decrease of Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
- Osteopenia: 1-2.5 Standard Deviations below age matched group
- Osteoporosis: > 2.5 Standard Deviations below age matched group
What is the recommended treatment for Osteoporosis and Osteopenia
- Calcium intake increased 1500-2000 mg per day with Vit D
- Does not increase Bone Mineral Density but may help prevent further decrease