FeLV/FIV/FIP Flashcards
feLV virus type
gamma retrovirus
transmission of felv?
saliva, social behaviour
kittens, new cats in home
describe felv infection
after exposure-> abortive (healthy), 40%, or transient viremia 6-8wks. viremia lasts 3-13wks-> healthy carrier or progressive infection (30%) or regressive infection 10-30% (gets eliminated). regressive can become progressive w stress
which infection have feLV disease?
progressive, not regressive
C/s of feLV
weight loss, fever, conjunctivitis, rhinitis
CBC of feLV
anemia- non regenerative after BM suppression
penias, platelet abnormalities
immune mediated conditions from feLV
IMHA, ITP, IMPA, uveitis, glomerulonephritis
neoplasia w feLV?
lymphoma mostly, leukemias
who should be tested for feLV/FIV
any sick cat, before adoption, outdoor urban cats, unknown feLV, cats living w a +ve cat
types of tests for felV
ELISA Ag test- screening test, can have false +ve-> tests p27 Ag
IFA- confirmatory test
PCR- confirmatory, can catch -ve p27 Ag (ELISA -ve)
feLV ELISA
measures p27, positive within 30d-> retest +ves, <12wks, <30d exposure
feLV IFA
detects p27 from BM after virus replication-> more specific *not screening test
testing for different feLV infection types
transient, viremia- +ve ELISA, PCR
progressive, carrier- all +ve (IFA)
regressive- +ve PCR, -ve ELISA and IFA
tx for feLV cats
healthy- indoors, vx, give perioperative abx
sick- blood transfusion, erythropoietin, filgrastim, chemo
zidovudine antiviral
feLV vx
test before vx
free roaming urban cats
vx will not cause +ve test
survival feLV
viremic cats:
50% in 2y, 80% 3y
FIV virus
lentivirus, 5 subtypes
transmission through bite,fight wounds
describe FIV infection
infects B/T cells, macrophages-> dissemination to lymphoid organs,-> decreased cd4 cells-> decreased immunity
leads to progressive immune dysfunction-> can show CNS signs
C/S will decrease with host response
FIV C/S
fever, lymphadenopathy, stomatitis, neuro signs
FIV dx
CBC- penias
chem- azotemia (CKD), hyperglobulinemia
SNAP ELISA, western blot, IFA (Ab), PCR
FIV testing
retest +ves <6m, confirm ELISA w western blot or PCR-> if -ve retest in 60d
does FIV increase risk of neoplasia?
yes, but not as much as feLV, usually lymphoma
FIV tx
AZT antiviral, dental extractions, human interferon alpha
keep indoors, vx, isolation
FIP pathogenesis
mutated feline coronavirus (fecal-oral)-> moves from gut to macrophages
wet- vasculitis, effusion
dry- granulomatous lesions (immune complexes)
FIP C/S
fever, uveitis, abd distension, dyspnea
young cats 3m-3y, or old >13y,
FIP dx
CBC- lymphopenia, NR anemia, thrimbocytopenia
chem- hyperglobulinemia, high TP, ALB:GLOB <0.8
rads- effusion
rivlatas test-drop disappears= -ve
FIP fluid analysis
effusion- high TP >3.5, low cells, (transudate)
pyogranulomatous effusion-> viscous, macrophages and neutrophils
RTPCR on abd effusion
FIP tx
remdesivir, GS-441524 oral