Feline Retroviral Diseases Flashcards
What population is most susceptible to FeLV?
Young kittens
How is FeLV transmitted?
- Horizontal: saliva, nasal secretions, urine, feces, etc
- Vertical: In utero, nursing
Where does FeLV replicate?
Local lymphoid tissues of oropharynx
With secondary viremia, what is the virus detectable by?
IFA (by 30 days)
What type of FeLV infection is this?
- Infection not contained during early stage
- Permanent, systemic infection and viremia (high risk of clinical disease due to FeLV, FeLV +)
Progressive Infection
Name the type of FeLV infection based on testing below:
- POC FeLV test positive
- PCR positive and high numbers
- IFA positive!!
Progressive Infection
What type of FeLV infection is this?
- Immune response contains but does not eliminate virus replication
- Persistent viremia does NOT occur
Regressive Infection
Name the type of FeLV infection based on testing below:
- POC FeLV test can be positive in the first 16 weeks of infection
- PCR positive OR negative
- IFA Negative
Regressive Infection
What type of FeLV infection is below?
- Cell-mediated response eliminates virus
- Virus never spreads to lymphoid tissues
- No viremia
- characterized by negative culturable virus, antigen, viral RNA, and pro viral DNA
Abortive Infection
Name the type of FeLV infection based on testing below:
- POC test FeLV negative
- PCR Negative
- IFA Negative
- Never viremic
Abortive Infection
What is the most common hematologic disorder you see in cats with FeLV?
Nonregenerative anemia (+ macrocytosis)
What are the most common neoplasias associated with FeLV in cats?
Lymphoma and Leukemia
What is the presence of viremia in cats with FeLV in the mediastinal and alimentary?
High in mediastinal, Low in alimentary
How do you diagnose FeLV in the hospital?
ELISA Test
What does the ELISA test detect for FeLV?
Viral p27 antigen
How long can an ELISA test catch an FeLV infection?
Within 4 weeks of infection
How do you confirm a positive ELISA test for FeLV?
Repeat the ELISA right away!
What type of infections are possible for a positive and negative FeLV ELISA test?
- Positive: Progressive or Regressive
- Negative: Abortive or Regressive
When should newly acquired cats be tested for FeLV?
At adoption and 28 days later
(FIV/FeLV) vaccine causes a positive test
FIV
What population is most at risk for FIV?
Male, outdoor cats
How is FIV transmitted?
Bite wounds
How do you diagnose FIV?
ELISA and western blot (Gold standard)
What do you use to treat FIV?
Azidothymidine (antiviral)
What is the best confirmatory test for FeLV?
IFA
If you are suspicious of FeLV/FIV but the ELISA is negative, when should you retest for both?
30 days for FeLV and 60 days for FIV
