fastidious gram negative

Question 1

Haemophilus Influenzae character

Answer 1

chocolate agar, X (iron) and V (NAD+) dependent growth

Question 2

Haemophilus Influenzae transmission

Answer 2

1. respiratory droplets
2. close contact

Question 3

Haemophilus Influenzae clinical presentations

Answer 3

Encapsulated strains: (invasive)
1. acute Epiglottitis
2. pneumonia
3. meningitis

non-encapsulated strains: (invasive & non-invasive)
invasive: pneumonia, neonatal infections
non-invasive: sinusitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, worsening of COPD

Question 4

Haemophilus Influenzae treatment

Answer 4

ceftriaxone

Question 5

Brucella transmission

Answer 5

infected farm animals, untreated milk

Question 6

Brucella clinical presentations

Answer 6

brucellosis
pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO)

Question 7

Brucella treatment

Answer 7

doxycycline + streptomycin

Question 8

Bordetella pertussis transmission

Answer 8

respiratory droplets

Question 9

Bordetella pertussis clinical presentations

Answer 9

whooping cough (pertussis) in young children

Question 10

Bordetella pertussis treatment

Answer 10

erythromycin (if early)

Question 11

Bordetella pertussis character

Answer 11

mercury droplet colonies

Question 12

Pasteurella Multocida transmission

Answer 12

cat/dog bite

Question 13

Pasteurella Multocida treatment

Answer 13

co-amoxiclav

Question 14

Bartonella transmission (3)

Answer 14

cat scratch
sandflies
louse

Question 15

Bartonella clinical presentations (3)

Answer 15

1. trench fever (by louse)
2. cat scratch disease (by cats)
3. bacillary angiomatosis (immunocompromised)

Question 16

Yersinia Pestis character

Answer 16

safety pin appearance

Question 17

Yersinia Pestis transmission (2)

Answer 17

rat to human (zoonosis)
human to human

Question 18

Yersinia Pestis clinical presentations (2)

Answer 18

Bubonic plague: bubo formation, lymphadenopathy
rat to human

pneumonia:
human to human (respiratory droplets)