FARR Infectious Disease Flashcards
The three most common causes of fever of unknown origin
FUO
Infection, cancer, and autoimmune disease.
Four signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis.
Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough.
A nonsuppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by treatment of 1° infection.
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis.
Asplenic patients are particularly susceptible to these organisms.
Encapsulated organisms—pneumococcus, meningococcus,
Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella.
The number of bacteria on a clean-catch specimen to diagnose a UTI.
105 bacteria/mL.
Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?
Pregnant women. Treat this group aggressively because of potential complications.
Nonpainful chancre.
1° syphilis.
A “blueberry muffin” rash is characteristic of what congenital infection?
Rubella.
Meningitis in neonates. Causes? Treatment?
Group B strep, E. coli, Listeria. Treat with gentamicin and ampicillin.
Meningitis in infants. Causes? Treatment?
Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae. Treat with cefotaxime and vancomycin.
What should always be done prior to LP?
Check for ↑ ICP; look for papilledema.
CSF findings: ■ Low glucose, PMN predominance ■ Normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance ■ Numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples ■ ↑ gamma globulins
Bacterial meningitis
Aseptic (viral) meningitis
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
MS
Initially presents with a pruritic papule with regional lymphadenopathy; evolves into a black eschar after 7–10 days. Treatment?
Cutaneous anthrax. Treat with penicillin G or ciprofloxacin.
Findings in 3° syphilis.
Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Robertson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms.
Characteristics of 2° Lyme disease.
Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis.
Cold agglutinins.
Mycoplasma.
A 24-year-old man presents with soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Diagnosis? Workup? Treatment?
Candidal thrush. Workup should include an HIV test. Treat with nystatin oral suspension.
Risk factors for pyelonephritis.
Pregnancy, vesicoureteral reflux, anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones.
Erythema migrans.
Lesion of 1° Lyme disease.
Classic physical findings for endocarditis.
Fever, heart murmur, Osler’s nodes, splinter hemorrhages, Janeway lesions, Roth’s spots.
Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease.
Parvovirus B19
Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT with seizures.
Taenia solium (cysticercosis).
Name the organism: ■ Branching rods in oral infection ■ Painful chancroid ■ Dog or cat bite ■ Gardener ■ Pregnant women with pets ■ Meningitis in adults ■ Meningitis in elderly ■ Alcoholic with pneumonia ■ “Currant jelly” sputum ■ Infection in burn victims ■ Osteomyelitis from foot wound puncture ■ Osteomyelitis in a sickle cell patient
Actinomyces israelii Haemophilus ducreyi Pasteurella multocida Sporothrix schenckii Toxoplasma gondii Neisseria meningitidis Streptococcus pneumoniae Klebsiella Klebsiella Pseudomonas Pseudomonas Salmonella
A 55-year-old man who is a smoker and a heavy drinker presents with a new cough and flulike symptoms. Gram stain shows no organisms; silver stain of sputum shows gram-negative rods. What is the diagnosis?
Legionella pneumonia.
A middle-aged man presents with acute-onset monoarticular joint pain and bilateral Bell’s palsy. What is the likely diagnosis, and how did he get it? Treatment?
Lyme disease, Ixodes tick, doxycycline.
A patient develops endocarditis three weeks after receiving a prosthetic heart valve. What organism is suspected?
S. aureus or S. epidermidis.
